Diplodocus

Description

Diplodocus est un genre fossile de très grands dinosaures herbivores sauropodes de la famille des diplodocidés ayant vécu au Jurassique supérieur (Kimméridgien supérieur), il y a environ entre 154 et 152 Ma (millions d'années), en Amérique du Nord où il a été découvert dans les parties moyenne et supérieure de la formation de Morrison dans les États de l'ouest des États-Unis.
Les premiers fossiles ont été découverts en 1877 par Samuel Wendell Williston dans les sédiments alluviaux ou marins peu profonds de la formation de Morrison. Diplodocus est l'un des fossiles de dinosaures les plus communs de cette formation ; il vivait à la même époque que d'autres sauropodes gigantesques comme Camarasaurus, Barosaurus, Apatosaurus et Brachiosaurus.
Diplodocus figure parmi les dinosaures les plus facilement identifiables ; c'est le plus connu des sauropodes, avec son long cou et sa longue queue en forme de fouet, ses quatre pattes robustes et sa tête plate. Sa grande taille peut avoir été un système de dissuasion contre les attaques de prédateurs comme Allosaurus et Ceratosaurus, dont les restes ont été trouvés dans la même strate, ce qui indique qu'ils ont coexisté avec Diplodocus.

Information(s)

Source: The Paleobiology Database

Attibution: Marsh 1878⁷⁸⁰³
Statut: Valide
Nom commun: A double saillie
Longueur (en m): ?
Largeur (en m): ?
Hauteur (en m): ?
Poids (en m): de ? à ?
Environnement de découverte: terrestrial
Mode de vie: terrestrial
Mode de locomotion: actively mobile
Vision: ?
Alimentation: herbivore
Mode de reprodution: oviparous, dispersal=direct/internal,mobile
Classification: Diplodocinae >> Diplodocidae >> Flagellicaudata >> Diplodocimorpha >> Diplodocoidea >> Neosauropoda >> Eusauropoda >> Gravisauria >> Sauropoda >> Sauropodiformes >> Massopoda >> Sauropodomorpha >> Saurischia >> Dinosauria
Période: ?

Espèce(s):
- Diplodocus longus (Valide)⁷⁸⁰³
- Diplodocus lacustris ()¹⁰⁶²⁶
- Diplodocus carnegii (Valide)⁵⁹⁹⁰
- Diplodocus hallorum (Valide)¹³⁸⁸⁶

Specimen(s):

Diplodocus longus: USNM 10865 - scapula, coracoid, humerus, ulna, radius, femur, tibia, fibula, humerus (left) , ulna (left) , humerus (right) , ulna (right) , radius (right)
Diplodocus carnegii: C.M. No. 84 - scapula, coracoid, femur
Diplodocus carnegii: CM 94 - femur, tibia, fibula
Diplodocus longus: Amer. Mus. Coll. No. 594 - scapula (right) , coracoid (right) , humerus (right) , ulna (right) , radius (right)
Diplodocus longus: Amer. Mus. Coll. No. 588 - radius (right) , ulna (right)
Diplodocus longus: Amer. Mus. Coll. No. 251 - femur, tibia, fibula
Diplodocus longus: holotype YPM 1920 - femur, tibia
Diplodocus longus: USNM 10865 - scapula, coracoid, humerus, ulna, radius, femur, tibia, fibula, humerus (left) , ulna (left) , humerus (right) , ulna (right) , radius (right)
Diplodocus hayi recombined as Galeamopus hayi: HMNS 175 - humerus (left) , ulna (left) , radius (left) , femur, tibia, fibula, humerus (right) , radius (right)
Détail des Spécimens

Référence	Type	Partie	Côté	Dimension (en cm)	Lieu de découverte	Commentaires
USNM 10865		scapula		width: 228, length: 1153	Collection: Dinosaur National Monument Quarry (CM)- Lieu: US, Utah, Uintah	width is least breadth
USNM 10865		coracoid		length: 355	Collection: Dinosaur National Monument Quarry (CM)- Lieu: US, Utah, Uintah
USNM 10865		humerus		length: 1010, circumference: 440	Collection: Dinosaur National Monument Quarry (CM)- Lieu: US, Utah, Uintah	least circumference
USNM 10865		ulna		length: 740, circumference: 295	Collection: Dinosaur National Monument Quarry (CM)- Lieu: US, Utah, Uintah	least circumference
USNM 10865		radius		length: 690, circumference: 244	Collection: Dinosaur National Monument Quarry (CM)- Lieu: US, Utah, Uintah	least circumference
USNM 10865		femur		length: 1575, width: 208, circumference: 565	Collection: Dinosaur National Monument Quarry (CM)- Lieu: US, Utah, Uintah
USNM 10865		tibia		length: 1020, width: 158, circumference: 419	Collection: Dinosaur National Monument Quarry (CM)- Lieu: US, Utah, Uintah
USNM 10865		fibula		length: 1075, circumference: 295	Collection: Dinosaur National Monument Quarry (CM)- Lieu: US, Utah, Uintah
C.M. No. 84		scapula		width: 204, length: 1240	Collection: Carnegie Quarry D, Sheep Creek- Lieu: US, Wyoming, Albany	width is least breadth
C.M. No. 84		coracoid		length: 512	Collection: Carnegie Quarry D, Sheep Creek- Lieu: US, Wyoming, Albany
C.M. No. 84		femur		length: 1542	Collection: Carnegie Quarry D, Sheep Creek- Lieu: US, Wyoming, Albany
CM 94		femur		length: 1410, width: 183, circumference: 510	Collection: Carnegie Quarry D, Sheep Creek- Lieu: US, Wyoming, Albany
CM 94		tibia		length: 1010, width: 130, circumference: 358	Collection: Carnegie Quarry D, Sheep Creek- Lieu: US, Wyoming, Albany
CM 94		fibula		length: 1055, width: 88, circumference: 240	Collection: Carnegie Quarry D, Sheep Creek- Lieu: US, Wyoming, Albany
Amer. Mus. Coll. No. 594		scapula	right	length: 1285	Collection: Bone Cabin Quarry (AMNH)- Lieu: US, Wyoming, Albany
Amer. Mus. Coll. No. 594		coracoid	right	length: 425	Collection: Bone Cabin Quarry (AMNH)- Lieu: US, Wyoming, Albany
Amer. Mus. Coll. No. 594		humerus	right	length: 1080, circumference: 470	Collection: Bone Cabin Quarry (AMNH)- Lieu: US, Wyoming, Albany	least circumference
Amer. Mus. Coll. No. 594		ulna	right	length: 870, circumference: 285	Collection: Bone Cabin Quarry (AMNH)- Lieu: US, Wyoming, Albany	least circumference
Amer. Mus. Coll. No. 594		radius	right	length: 840, circumference: 255	Collection: Bone Cabin Quarry (AMNH)- Lieu: US, Wyoming, Albany	least circumference
Amer. Mus. Coll. No. 588		radius	right	length: 870, circumference: 265	Collection: Bone Cabin Quarry (AMNH)- Lieu: US, Wyoming, Albany	least circumference
Amer. Mus. Coll. No. 588		ulna	right	length: 910, circumference: 290	Collection: Bone Cabin Quarry (AMNH)- Lieu: US, Wyoming, Albany	least circumference
Amer. Mus. Coll. No. 251		femur		length: 1430, circumference: 560	Collection: Bone Cabin Quarry (AMNH)- Lieu: US, Wyoming, Albany	least circumference
Amer. Mus. Coll. No. 251		tibia		length: 1060, circumference: 390	Collection: Bone Cabin Quarry (AMNH)- Lieu: US, Wyoming, Albany	least circumference
Amer. Mus. Coll. No. 251		fibula		length: 1120	Collection: Bone Cabin Quarry (AMNH)- Lieu: US, Wyoming, Albany
YPM 1920	holotype	femur		length: 1645	Collection: Felch Quarry 1, Garden Park- Lieu: US, Colorado, Fremont
YPM 1920	holotype	tibia		length: 1090	Collection: Felch Quarry 1, Garden Park- Lieu: US, Colorado, Fremont
USNM 10865		humerus	left	width: 162, length: 1032, circumference: 460	Collection: Dinosaur National Monument Quarry (CM)- Lieu: US, Utah, Uintah	circumf. = minimal shaft
USNM 10865		ulna	left	width: 102, length: 735, circumference: 295	Collection: Dinosaur National Monument Quarry (CM)- Lieu: US, Utah, Uintah	circumf. = minimal shaft
USNM 10865		humerus	right	width: 150, length: 965, circumference: 438	Collection: Dinosaur National Monument Quarry (CM)- Lieu: US, Utah, Uintah	circumf. = minimal shaft
USNM 10865		ulna	right	width: 113, length: 720	Collection: Dinosaur National Monument Quarry (CM)- Lieu: US, Utah, Uintah
USNM 10865		radius	right	width: 88, length: 682, circumference: 254	Collection: Dinosaur National Monument Quarry (CM)- Lieu: US, Utah, Uintah	circumf. = minimal shaft
HMNS 175		humerus	left	width: 173, length: 910, circumference: 449	Collection: Red Fork Powder River Quarry A- Lieu: US, Wyoming, Johnson	circumf. = minimal shaft
HMNS 175		ulna	left	width: 83, length: 728, circumference: 275	Collection: Red Fork Powder River Quarry A- Lieu: US, Wyoming, Johnson	circumf. = minimal shaft
HMNS 175		radius	left	width: 83, length: 686, circumference: 233	Collection: Red Fork Powder River Quarry A- Lieu: US, Wyoming, Johnson	circumf. = minimal shaft
HMNS 175		femur		width: 227, length: 1448, circumference: 590	Collection: Red Fork Powder River Quarry A- Lieu: US, Wyoming, Johnson	circumf. = minimal shaft
HMNS 175		tibia		width: 174, length: 935, circumference: 444	Collection: Red Fork Powder River Quarry A- Lieu: US, Wyoming, Johnson	circumf. = minimal shaft
HMNS 175		fibula		width: 107, length: 983, circumference: 279	Collection: Red Fork Powder River Quarry A- Lieu: US, Wyoming, Johnson	circumf. = minimal shaft
HMNS 175		humerus	right	width: 188, length: 936, circumference: 470	Collection: Red Fork Powder River Quarry A- Lieu: US, Wyoming, Johnson	circumf. = minimal shaft
HMNS 175		radius	right	width: 106, length: 660, circumference: 265	Collection: Red Fork Powder River Quarry A- Lieu: US, Wyoming, Johnson	circumf. = minimal shaft

Autre(s) Taxon(s) trouvés dans la litterature:
- Diplodocus
- Diplodocus longus
- Diplodocus carnegiei misspelling of Diplodocus carnegii
- Diplodocus lacustris n. species not entered Flagellicaudata
- Diplodocus hayi n. recombined as Galeamopus hayi
- Seismosaurus halli n. recombined as Diplodocus hallorum
- Diplodocus carnegii
Découverte(s): 68 occcurrences
Ouvrir - Fermer
- États-Unis
  - Colorado
    - Fremont
      - Formation Morrison
        Diplodocus: ? ¹²⁸⁹³
        Diplodocus: ? ⁴⁹⁵⁵⁰
        Diplodocus: ? ¹⁵¹⁷⁹
        Diplodocus: ? ¹²⁸⁹³
        Diplodocus longus: YPM 1920: femur, tibia ⁷⁸⁰³
        Diplodocus longus: ? ¹²⁸⁹⁶
        Diplodocus longus: ? ¹²⁸⁹³
    - Jefferson
      - Formation Morrison
        Diplodocus: ? ¹⁵¹⁷⁹
        Flagellicaudata identifié comme Diplodocus lacustris n. sp.: ? ¹⁰⁶²⁶
    - Mesa
      - Formation Morrison
        Diplodocus: ? ¹⁹⁵⁶⁵
        Diplodocus: ? ¹³²⁸¹
        Diplodocus: ? ¹⁵¹⁷⁹
        Diplodocus: ? ¹⁵¹⁷⁹
    - Moffat
      - Formation Morrison
        Diplodocus: ? ¹⁵¹⁷⁹
    - Montrose
      - Formation Morrison
        Diplodocus: ? ¹³²⁵⁵
  - Montana
    - Big Horn
      - Formation Morrison
        Diplodocus: ? ¹⁵¹⁷⁹
    - Carbon
      - Formation Morrison
        Diplodocus: ? ⁴⁸³⁸²
  - New Mexico
    - Sandoval
      - Formation Morrison
        Diplodocus carnegii identifié comme Diplodocus carnegiei: ? ¹³⁹⁰³
        Diplodocus hallorum identifié comme Seismosaurus halli n. gen. n. sp.: ? ¹³⁸⁸⁶
  - Oklahoma
    - Cimarron
      - Formation Morrison
        Diplodocus: ? ¹³²⁸¹
        Diplodocus: ? ¹³²⁸¹
        Diplodocus: ? ⁸⁵⁴⁴⁴
  - South Dakota
    - Meade
      - Formation Morrison
        Diplodocus: ? ¹⁵¹⁷⁹
  - Utah
    - Grand
      - Formation Morrison
        Diplodocus: ? ¹⁵¹⁷⁹
    - Uintah
      - Formation Morrison
        Diplodocus: ? ¹⁵¹⁷⁹
        Diplodocus hallorum: ? ⁵⁵⁰²⁶
        Diplodocus longus: USNM 10865: scapula, coracoid, humerus, ulna, radius, femur, tibia, fibula, humerus (left) , ulna (left) , humerus (right) , ulna (right) , radius (right) ¹⁴⁵⁷⁹
    - Wayne
      - Formation Morrison
        Diplodocus: ? ⁴⁴⁴¹⁶
  - Wyoming
    - Albany
      - Formation Morrison
        Diplodocus: ? ¹³²⁸¹
        Diplodocus: ? ¹⁰⁶¹⁸
        Diplodocus: ? ¹⁰⁶¹⁸
        Diplodocus: ? ¹⁰⁶¹⁸
        Diplodocus: ? ¹⁵¹⁷⁹
        Diplodocus: ? ⁸⁵³³²
        Diplodocus: ? ⁸⁵³³²
        Diplodocus: ? ⁸⁵³³²
        Diplodocus: ? ⁸⁵³³²
        Diplodocus: ? ⁸⁵³³²
        Diplodocus: ? ¹⁴⁹⁶⁶
        Diplodocus: ? ¹²⁵³⁴
        Diplodocus: ? ¹³²⁸¹
        Diplodocus: ? ⁴⁶²⁰⁷
        Diplodocus: ? ¹⁵¹⁷⁹
        Diplodocus carnegii: ? ¹³²⁸¹
        Diplodocus carnegii: CM 94: femur, tibia, fibula ¹⁸⁰⁸
        Diplodocus carnegii: C.M. No. 84: scapula, coracoid, femur CM 94: femur, tibia, fibula ⁵⁹⁹⁰
        Diplodocus longus: Amer. Mus. Coll. No. 594: scapula (right) , coracoid (right) , humerus (right) , ulna (right) , radius (right) Amer. Mus. Coll. No. 588: radius (right) , ulna (right) Amer. Mus. Coll. No. 251: femur, tibia, fibula ¹³¹⁰⁰
    - Big Horn
      - Formation Morrison
        Diplodocus: ? ¹²³⁸⁹
        Diplodocus: ? ¹⁵¹⁷⁹
        Diplodocus: ? ⁶⁴¹⁸⁰
        Diplodocus: ? ⁸²⁷¹⁹
    - Carbon
      - Formation Morrison
        Diplodocus: ? ¹⁰⁶¹⁸
        Diplodocus: ? ¹⁰⁶¹⁸
        Diplodocus: ? ¹⁵¹⁷⁹
        Diplodocus: ? ¹³²⁸¹
        Diplodocus: ? ⁴⁶²⁰⁷
        Diplodocus hallorum: ? ⁵⁵⁰²⁶
    - Converse
      - Formation Morrison
        Diplodocus: ? ⁴³⁸⁷
    - Hot Spings
      - Formation Morrison
        Diplodocus: ? ⁵⁷⁶⁰
    - Hot Springs
      - Formation Morrison
        Diplodocus: ? ¹⁹²⁴⁰
    - Johnson
      - Formation Morrison
        Diplodocus: ? ⁴⁶²⁰⁷
        Diplodocus: ? ¹⁵¹⁷⁹
        Diplodocus: ? ¹³²⁸¹
        Diplodocus: ? ¹³²⁸¹
        Galeamopus hayi identifié comme Diplodocus hayi n. sp.: HMNS 175: humerus (left) , ulna (left) , radius (left) , femur, tibia, fibula, humerus (right) , radius (right) ⁴⁶²⁰⁷
    - Natrona
      - Formation Morrison
        Diplodocus: ? ¹³²⁸¹
    - Washakie
      - Formation Morrison
        Amphicoelias brontodiplodocus: DQ-BS: skull, humerus, ulna, radius, scapula, coracoid, femur, tibia, fibula ⁴¹⁰³⁰
        Diplodocus: ? ⁴⁹⁵⁵⁰
Historique des modifications:

Pas de modification récente.

Publication(s)

La base comprend 31 publication(s).

Source: The Paleobiology Database

↑^{1 2 3}O. C. Marsh. 1878. Principal characters of American Jurassic dinosaurs. Part I. American Journal of Science and Arts 16:411-416 (https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.s3-16.95.411)
↑^{1 2}O. C. Marsh. 1884. Principal characters of American Jurassic dinosaurs. Part VII. Diplodocidae, a new family of the Sauropoda. American Journal of Science 27:161-167 (https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.s3-27.158.161)
↑^{1 2}J. B. Hatcher. 1901. Diplodocus Marsh; its osteology, taxonomy, and probate habits, with a restoration of the skeleton. Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum 1:1-63 (https://doi.org/10.5962/p.234818)
↑^{1 2}D. D. Gillette. 1991. Seismosaurus halli, gen. et sp. nov., a new sauropod dinosaur from the Morrison Formation (Upper Jurassic/Lower Cretaceous) of New Mexico, USA. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 11(4):417-433 (https://doi.org/10.1080/02724634.1991.10011413)
↑^{1 2 3}K. Carpenter. 1998. Vertebrate biostratigraphy of the Morrison Formation near Cañon City, Colorado. Modern Geology 23:407-426
↑^{1 2}M. Hanson and P. J. Makovicky. 2013. A new specimen of Torvoaurus tanneri originally collected by Elmer Riggs. Historical Biology 26(6):775-784 (https://doi.org/10.1080/08912963.2013.853056)
↑^{1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14}J. R. Foster. 2003. Paleoecological analysis of the vertebrate fauna of the Morrison Formation (Upper Jurassic), Rocky Mountain region, U.S.A. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 23:1-95
↑¹E. Evanoff and K. Carpenter. 1998. History, sedimentology, and taphonomy of Felch Quarry 1 and associated sandbodies, Morrison Formation, Garden Park, Colorado. Modern Geology 23:145-169
↑¹J. R. Foster. 2005. New juvenile sauropod material from western Colorado, and the record of juvenile sauropods from the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation. Thunder-Lizards: The Sauropodomorph Dinosaurs. Indiana University Press, Bloomington
↑^{1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10}C. E. Turner and F. Peterson. 1999. Biostratigraphy of dinosaurs in the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation of the Western Interior, U.S.A. Vertebrate Paleontology in Utah, Utah Geological Survey Miscellaneous Publication 99-1:77-114
↑¹B. Britt. 1991. Theropods of Dry Mesa Quarry (Morrison Formation, Late Jurassic), Colorado, with emphasis on the osteology of Torvosaurus tanneri. BYU Geology Studies 37:1-72
↑¹G. W. Storrs, S. E. Oser, and M. Aull. 2013. Further analysis of a Late Jurassic dinosaur bone-bed from the Morrison Formation of Montana, USA, with a computed three-dimensional reconstruction. Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 103:1-16 (https://doi.org/10.1017/S1755691013000248)
↑¹A. P. Hunt and S. G. Lucas. 1993. Jurassic vertebrates of New Mexico. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 2:71-75
↑¹D. R. Richmond, T. C. Hunt, and R. L. Cifelli. 2020. Stratigraphy and sedimentology of the Morrison Formation in the western panhandle of Oklahoma with reference to the historical Stovall dinosaur quarries. Journal of Geology 128:477-515 (https://doi.org/10.1086/71236)
↑^{1 2}E. Tschopp, O. Mateus, and R. B. J. Benson. 2015. A specimen-level phylogenetic analysis and taxonomic revision of Diplodocidae (Dinosauria, Sauropoda). PeerJ 3:e857 (https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.857)
↑¹C. W. Gilmore. 1932. On a newly mounted skeleton of Diplodocus in the United States National Museum. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 81(18):1-21 (https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.81-2941.1)
↑¹J. Mathews, S. Williams, and M. Bonnan, M. Henderson. 2009. The Hanksville-Burpee Quarry: new insights into a sauropod dominated bonebed in the Morrison Formation of eastern Utah. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 29(3, suppl.):144A
↑^{1 2 3 4 5}J. H. Ostrom and J. S. McIntosh. 1999. Marsh's Dinosaurs: The Collections from Como Bluff. Yale University Press, New Haven
↑^{1 2 3 4 5}M. V. Connely. 2002. Stratigraphy and Paleoecology of the Morrison Formation, Como Bluff, Wyoming
↑¹C. A. Miles and D. W. Hamblin. 1999. Historical update: paleontological excavation in the Como Region. In J. H. Ostrom & J. S. McIntosh, Marsh's Dinosaurs. Yale University Press, New Haven
↑¹J. S. McIntosh, C. A. Miles, and K. C. Cloward, J. R. Parker. 1996. A new nearly complete skeleton of Camarasaurus. Bulletin of the Gunma Museum of Natural History 1:1-87
↑^{1 2 3 4}J. S. McIntosh. 1981. Annotated catalogue of the dinosaurs (Reptilia, Archosauria) in the collections of the Carnegie Museum of Natural History. Bulletin of Carnegie Museum of Natural History 18:1-67 (https://doi.org/10.5962/p.228597)
↑¹J. B. Hatcher. 1901. Some new and little known fossil vertebrates. Annals of Carnegie Museum 1(1):128-144 (https://doi.org/10.5962/p.247228)
↑¹H. F. Osborn. 1904. Manus, sacrum, and caudals of Sauropoda. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 20(14):181-190
↑¹J. Ayer. 1999. The Howe Ranch Dinosaurs: 10 Years of Dinosaur Digging in Wyoming. Sauriermuseum, Aathal, Switzerland
↑¹E. Moore. 1985. Collecting in the Bighorn Basin, Wyoming. Fossils Quarterly 4(2):16-24
↑¹B. K. Wilborn. 2001. Two New Dinosaur Bonebeds from the Late Jurassic Morrison Formation, Bighorn Basin, WY: An Analysis of the Paleontology and Stratigraphy.
↑¹S. W. Williston. 1901. The dinosaurian genus Creosaurus, Marsh. American Journal of Science, series 4 11(11):111-114 (https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.s4-11.62.111)
↑¹C. A. Bjoraker-Naus. 1997. The Warm Springs Ranch Dinosaur Locality, Thermopolis, Wyoming. Preliminary flora and fauna analysis. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 17(3):32A
↑¹D. S. Jennings and S. T. Hasiotis. 2006. Taphonomic analysis of a dinosaur feeding site using Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Morrison Formation, southern Bighorn Basin, Wyoming, USA. Palaios 21:480-492 (https://doi.org/10.2110/palo.2005.p05-062r)
↑¹H. Galiano and R. Albersdörfer. 2010. A New Basal Diplodocoid Species, Amphicoelias brontodiplodocus from the Morrison Formation, Big Horn Basin, Wyoming, with Taxonomic Reevaluation of Diplodocus, Apatosaurus, Barosaurus and Other Genera. Dinosauria International (Ten Sleep, WY) Report for September 2010