Trachodon

Description

Trachodon (meaning "rough tooth") is a dubious genus of hadrosaurid dinosaur based on teeth from the Campanian-aged (Upper Cretaceous) Judith River Formation of Montana, U.S. It is a historically important genus with a convoluted taxonomy that has been all but abandoned by modern dinosaur paleontologists. Despite being used for decades as the iconic hadrosaurid dinosaur, the material it is based on is composed of teeth from both hadrosaurids and ceratopsids (their teeth have a distinctive double root), and its describer, Joseph Leidy, came to recognize the difference and suggested limiting the genus to what would now be seen as ceratopsid teeth. Restricted to the hadrosaurid teeth, it may have been a lambeosaurine.

Information(s)

Source: The Paleobiology Database

Attibution: Leidy 1856¹³⁰⁰²
Statut: nomen dubium, voir Hadrosauridae
Nom commun:
Longueur (en m): ?
Largeur (en m): ?
Hauteur (en m): ?
Poids (en m): de ? à ?
Environnement de découverte: terrestrial
Mode de vie: terrestrial
Mode de locomotion: actively mobile
Vision: ?
Alimentation: herbivore
Mode de reprodution: oviparous, dispersal=direct/internal,mobile
Classification: Hadrosauridae >> Hadrosauroidea >> Hadrosauriformes >> Styracosterna >> Dryomorpha >> Iguanodontia >> Clypeodonta >> Ornithopoda >> Cerapoda >> Genasauria >> Ornithischia >> Dinosauria
Période: Albian - Maastrichtian (de -113.20 Ma à -66.00 Ma)

Espèce(s):
- Trachodon longiceps (Synonyme subjectif de Edmontosaurus annectens)⁷⁸⁰⁶
- Trachodon marginatus ()²⁵¹²⁷
- Trachodon selwyni ()²⁵¹²⁷
- Trachodon mirabilis ()¹³⁰⁰²
- Trachodon altidens ()²⁵¹²⁷
- Trachodon cantabrigiensis ()¹⁴¹⁵⁸
- Trachodon atavus (Valide)¹⁷¹⁶¹
- Trachodon imperfectus (Valide)¹⁷²⁹⁷
Specimen(s):
Pas de spécimen dans la base de donnée.
Autre(s) Taxon(s) trouvés dans la litterature:
- Trachodontidae indet. species not entered Hadrosauridae
- Edmontosaurus annectens
- Trachodon species not entered Hadrosauridae
- Trachodon amurense n. recombined as Mandschurosaurus amurensis
- Trachodon annectens recombined as Edmontosaurus annectens
- Trachodon cantabrigiensis n. species not entered Hadrosauroidea
- Trachodon mirabilis n. species not entered Hadrosauridae
Découverte(s): 54 occcurrences
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- Canada
  - Alberta
    - ?
      - Formation ?
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodon sp.: ? ⁶³²²⁵
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodon mirabilis: ? ⁵²⁷²¹
      - Formation Dinosaur Park
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodon sp.: ? ¹²³⁰⁴
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodontidae indet.: ? ⁹⁵⁹⁷
      - Formation Horseshoe Canyon
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodontidae indet.: ? ⁶²⁸⁸²
      - Formation Scollard
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodon sp.: ? ⁶³³⁹⁹
      - Formation St. Mary River
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodon mirabilis: ? ²⁵¹²³
- Chine
  - Heilongjiang
    - Jiayin
      - Formation Yuliangzi
        Mandschurosaurus amurensis identifié comme Trachodon amurense n. sp.: ? ¹²⁵⁰¹
  - Sichuan
    - Weiyuan
      - Formation Ziliujing
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme ? Trachodontidae indet.: ? ⁴⁵³²⁸
- Espagne
  - Aragón
    - Teruel
      - Formation Escucha
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodon sp.: ? ⁵²⁷²⁷
- Royaume-Uni
  - England
    - Cambridgeshire
      - Formation West Melbury Chalk
        Hadrosauroidea identifié comme Trachodon cantabrigiensis n. sp.: ? ¹⁴¹⁵⁸
- Kirghizistan
  - Osh
    - ?
      - Formation Kurshab
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodon sp.: ? ¹⁶⁵¹⁰
- Kazakhstan
  - Almaty
    - ?
      - Formation ?
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodontidae indet.: ? ¹⁸⁵²⁵
  - Zhambyl
    - ?
      - Formation ?
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodontidae indet.: ? ¹⁸⁵²⁵
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodontidae indet.: ? ⁶⁸³²⁷
- Mongolie
  - Dornogov
    - ?
      - Formation Baynshire
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodontidae indet.: ? ¹⁴³⁸⁹
  - Omnogov
    - ?
      - Formation Baynshire
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodontidae indet.: ? ¹⁴³⁸⁹
- Mexique
  - Coahuila
    - ?
      - Formation Cerro del Pueblo
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodon sp.: ? ⁶²⁸³⁰
- États-Unis
  - Alabama
    - Montgomery
      - Formation Mooreville Chalk
        Eotrachodon orientalis: ? ⁶⁰²¹⁴
  - Montana
    - Blaine
      - Formation Judith River
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodon mirabilis: ? ¹²³⁰⁴
    - Custer
      - Formation Hell Creek
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodon sp.: ? ³⁴¹⁹⁹
    - Fergus
      - Formation Judith River
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodontidae indet.: ? ⁶²⁸⁸³
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodon mirabilis n. gen. n. sp.: ? ¹³⁰⁰²
    - Glacier
      - Formation Two Medicine
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme "Trachodon" marginatus: ? ¹²³¹⁹
    - Treasure
      - Formation Hell Creek
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodon sp.: ? ⁴⁶²⁵⁵
  - New Mexico
    - San Juan
      - Formation Fruitland
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodontidae indet.: ? ¹⁸⁰³⁶
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodontidae indet.: ? ¹⁸⁰³⁶
      - Formation Fruitland/Kirtland
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodon sp.: ? ⁴⁶³³⁰
      - Formation Kirtland
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodontidae indet.: ? ¹⁵⁰⁸⁸
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodontidae indet.: ? ⁶⁶⁸²¹
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodontidae indet.: ? ¹⁸⁰³⁶
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodontidae indet.: ? ¹⁸⁰³⁶
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodontidae indet.: ? ¹⁸⁰³⁶
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodontidae indet.: ? ¹⁸⁰³⁶
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodontidae indet.: ? ¹⁸⁰³⁶
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodontidae indet.: ? ¹⁸⁰³⁶
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodontidae indet.: ? ¹⁸⁰³⁶
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodontidae indet.: ? ¹⁸⁰³⁶
      - Formation Ojo Alamo
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodontidae indet.: ? ¹⁸⁰³⁶
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodontidae indet.: ? ¹⁸⁰³⁶
  - North Dakota
    - Slope
      - Formation Hell Creek
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodon sp.: ? ⁴⁶²⁵⁵
  - South Dakota
    - Corson
      - Formation Lance
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodon sp.: ? ¹³⁴⁵⁶
    - Harding
      - Formation Lance
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodon sp.: ? ⁵⁵⁴⁷⁴
  - Utah
    - Garfield
      - Formation Lance
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodon sp.: ? ¹²³¹⁹
  - Wyoming
    - Converse
      - Formation Lance
        Edmontosaurus annectens: ? ¹²³⁰⁴
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodon sp.: ? ¹²³⁰⁴
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodontidae indet.: ? ¹²³⁰⁴
    - Goshen
      - Formation Lance
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme ? Trachodon sp.: ? ¹³⁹⁵⁰
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme ? Trachodon sp.: ? ¹³⁹⁵⁰
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme ? Trachodon sp.: ? ¹³⁹⁵⁰
    - Niobrara
      - Formation Lance
        Edmontosaurus annectens identifié comme Trachodon annectens: ? ³⁴⁵⁷⁶
        Edmontosaurus annectens identifié comme Trachodon annectens: ? ⁶³³⁵²
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodon sp.: ? ⁵⁵⁴⁷⁴
    - Sweetwater
      - Formation Almond
        Hadrosauridae identifié comme Trachodontidae indet.: ? ¹⁸⁶⁵¹
Historique des modifications:

Pas de modification récente.

Publication(s)

La base comprend 36 publication(s).

Source: The Paleobiology Database

↑^{1 2 3}J. Leidy. 1856. Notices of remains of extinct reptiles and fishes, discovered by Dr. F. V. Hayden in the bad lands of the Judith River, Nebraska Territory. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 8:72-73
↑¹O. C. Marsh. 1890. Additional characters of the Ceratopsidae, with notice of new Cretaceous dinosaurs. American Journal of Science 39:418-426 (https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.s3-39.233.418)
↑^{1 2 3}L. M. Lambe. 1902. New genera and species from the Belly River Series (mid-Cretaceous). Geological Survey of Canada Contributions to Canadian Palaeontology 3(2):25-81
↑^{1 2}R. Lydekker. 1888. Note on a new Wealden iguanodont and other dinosaurs. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 44:46-61 (https://doi.org/10.1144/gsl.jgs.1888.044.01-04.08)
↑¹E. D. Cope. 1871. Supplement to the "Synopsis of the Extinct Batrachia and Reptilia of North America". Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 12:41-52 (https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.60499)
↑¹O. Kuhn. 1964. Fossilium Catalogus. I: Animalia. Pars 105. Ornithischia (Supplementum I) (https://doi.org/10.1002/nadc.19640120102)
↑¹L. M. Lambe. 1914. Report of the vertebrate palaeontologist. Summary Report of the Geological Survey Department of Mines for the Calendar Year 1912 1305:397-403 (https://doi.org/10.4095/312410)
↑¹L. M. Lambe. 1899. [Mr. L. M. Lambe reports as follows…]. Geological Survey of Canada Summary Report 1898(part A):182-190
↑^{1 2 3 4 5}J. B. Hatcher, O. C. Marsh, and R. S. Lull. 1907. The Ceratopsia. Monographs of the United States Geological Survey 49:1-198 (https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.60500)
↑¹B. Brown. 1916. Corythosaurus casuarius: skeleton, musculature and epidermis. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 35(38):709-716
↑¹L. M. Lambe. 1917. Report of the vertebrate palaeontologist. Summary Report of the Geological Survey Department of Mines for the Calendar Year 1916 1684:288-295 (https://doi.org/10.4095/304644)
↑¹B. Brown. 1914. Cretaceous Eocene correlation in New Mexico, Wyoming, Montana, Alberta. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America 25:355-380 (https://doi.org/10.1130/gsab-25-355)
↑¹L. M. Lambe. 1899. On reptilian remains from the Cretaceous of north-western Canada. The Ottawa Naturalist 13:68-70
↑¹P. Godefroit, Y. L. Bolotsky, and J. Van Itterbeeck. 2004. The lambeosaurine dinosaur Amurosaurus riabinini, from the Maastrichtian of Far Eastern Russia. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 49(4):575-618
↑¹C.-C. Young. 1944. On the reptilian remains from Weiyuan, Szechuan, China. Bulletin of the Geological Society of China 24(3–4):187-205 (https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-6724.1944.mp243-4005.x)
↑¹J. B. Bataller. 1960. Los vertebrados del Cretácico Español [The vertebrates from the Spanish Cretaceous]. Notas y Comunicaciones del Instituto Geologico y Minero de España 60:141-164
↑¹L. A. Nessov. 1995. Dinozavri severnoi Yevrazii: Novye dannye o sostave kompleksov, ekologii i paleobiogeografii [Dinosaurs of northern Eurasia: new data about assemblages, ecology, and paleobiogeography]. Institute for Scientific Research on the Earth's Crust, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg
↑^{1 2}I. A. Efremov. 1944. Dinozavrovyi gorizont crednei Azii i nekotorye volrosy stratigraphii [The dinosaur horizon of Central Asia and some aspeects of the stratigraphy]. Izvestia Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seria Geologicheskaia 3:40-58
↑¹K. B. Yuryev. 1954. Kratkiy obzor nakhodok dinozavrov na territorii SSSR [A brief reivew of dinosaur finds in the USSR]. Uchenyye Zapiski, Leningradskogo Ordena Lenina Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta. Seriya Biologicheskikh Nauk 181(38):183-197
↑^{1 2}E. A. Maleev. 1956. Pantsyrnye dinosavry verchnego mela Mongolii (Semeustvo Ankylosauridae) [The Upper Cretaceous armored dinosaurs of Mongolia (family Ankylosauridae)]. Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta Akademiy Nauk SSSR 62:51-91
↑¹G. E. Murray, D. R. Boyd, and C. O. Durham, R. H. Forde, R. M. Lawrence, P. D. Lewis, K. G. Martin, A. E. Weidie, W. P. Wilbert, J. A. Wolleben. 1960. Stratigraphy of Difunta Group, Parras Basin, states of Coahuila and Nuevo Leon, Mexico. International Geological Congress, Report of the 21st Session. Part 5: The Cretaceous-Tertiary Boundary
↑¹A. Prieto-Márquez, G. M. Erickson, and J. A. Ebersole. 2016. A primitive hadrosaurid from southeastern North America and the origin and early evolution of ‘duck-billed’ dinosaurs. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 36(2):e1054495:1-10 (https://doi.org/10.1080/02724634.2015.1054495)
↑¹E. S. Riggs. 1906. The carapace and plastron of Basilemys sinuosus, a new fossil tortoise from the Laramie Beds of Montana. Field Columbia Museum Publication, Geological Series 2(7):249-256 (https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.3563)
↑¹L. M. Lambe. 1915. Report of the vertebrate palaeontologist. Summary report of the Geological Survey Department of Mines for the Calendar Year 1914 1503:116-121 (https://doi.org/10.4095/304644)
↑^{1 2}R. S. Lull and N. E. Wright. 1942. Hadrosaurian dinosaurs of North America. Geological Society of America Special Paper 40:1-242 (https://doi.org/10.1130/spe40-p1)
↑^{1 2}T. W. Stanton. 1909. The age and stratigraphic relationships of the "Ceratops beds" of Wyoming and Montana. Proceedings of the Washington Academy of Sciences 11(3):239-293
↑^{1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12}C. W. Gilmore. 1916. Contributions to the geology and paleontology of San Juan County, New Mexico. 2. Vertebrate faunas of the Ojo Alamo, Kirtland and Fruitland Formations. United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 98-Q:279-302 (https://doi.org/10.3133/pp98q)
↑¹F. H. Knowlton. 1909. The stratigraphic relations and paleontology of the "Hell Creek beds," Ceratops beds" and equivalents, and their reference to the Fort Union Formation. Proceedings of the Washington Academy of Sciences 11(3):179-238
↑¹B. S. Kues, J. W. Froehlich, and J. A. Schiebout, S. G. Lucas. 1977. Paleontological survey, resource assessment, and mitigation plan for the Bisti-Star Lake Area, northwestern New Mexico. Report to the Bureau of Land Management, Albuquerque, New Mexico
↑¹R. M. Sullivan and S. G. Lucas. 2011. Charles Hazelius Sternberg and his San Juan Basin Cretaceous dinosaur collections: correspondence and photographs (1920–1925). Fossil Record 3. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 53:429-471
↑¹C. W. Gilmore. 1910. Leidyosuchus sternbergii, a new species of crocodile from the Ceratops Beds of Wyoming. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 38(1762):485-502 (https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.38-1762.485)
↑^{1 2}J. D. Bump. 1939. Dinosaurs collected by the School of Mines. The Black Hills Engineer 25(4):228-229
↑^{1 2 3}J. H. Ostrom. 1965. Cretaceous vertebrate faunas of Wyoming. Wyoming Geological Association Guidebook 19:35-41
↑¹H. F. Osborn. 1911. A dinosaur mummy. The American Museum Journal 11(1):6-11
↑¹F. Drevermann. 1928. “Totenmasken” aus der Urzeit [“Death masks” from ancient times]. Bericht der Senckenbergischen Naturforschen Gesellschaft 53:199-205
↑¹B. Brown. 1938. The mystery dinosaur. Natural History 38(3):190-202

Galerie d'images

Source: Wikimédia

Illustration of Trachodon mirabilis teeth