Tunbridge Wells Sand
Description
Source: Wikipédia
The Tunbridge Wells Sand Formation is a geological unit which forms part of the Wealden Group and the uppermost and youngest part of the unofficial Hastings Beds. These geological units make up the core of the geology of the Weald in the English counties of West Sussex, East Sussex and Kent.
The other component formations of the Hastings Beds are the underlying Wadhurst Clay Formation and the Ashdown Formation. The Hastings Beds in turn form part of the Wealden Group which underlies much of southeast England. The sediments of the Weald, including the Tunbridge Wells Sand Formation, were deposited during the Early Cretaceous Period, which lasted for approximately 40 million years from 140 to 100 million years ago. The Tunbridge Wells Sands are of Late Valanginian age. The Formation takes its name from the spa town of Tunbridge Wells in Kent.
Découvertes
Source: The Paleobiology Database
Site(s) correspondant(s) à cette formation: 12
Tilgate Forest, Cuckfield : England - Sussex 12746 12793 14061 14124 14142 14199 14558 16226 17002 17007 17381 17480 19872 23493 23719 29299 30971 31500 36749 62949 63620 63762 63768 63769 64604 70766 77222 82791 82927 85721 Tilgate Forest area, near Cuckfield, West Sussex; TQ 2735- Hylaeosaurus armatus
- Sauropoda identifié comme Bothriospondylus elongatus n. sp.
- Hylaeosaurus armatus
- Polacanthus
- Theropoda
- Iguanodon identifié comme Iguanosaurus sp. n. gen.
- Stegosauria identifié comme Regnosaurus northamptoni n. gen. n. sp.
- Baryonychinae identifié comme Suchosaurus cultridens n. gen. n. sp.
- Valdosaurus
- Euornithopoda
- Iguanodon identifié comme Iguanodon mantelli
- Hartfield Road foreshore, Cooden, Bexhill-on-Sea : England - Sussex 14152 27782 47230 55914 78041 Approx. 1 km east of Cooden Beach Railway; foreshore below cliff face along Hartfield Road, Cooden, Bexhill-on-Sea
- Cuckfield Quarry, Tilgate : England - Sussex 14061 14071 17381 36749 86088 Cuckfield Quarry, Tilgate Forest, West Sussex
- Cetiosaurus identifié comme Cetiosaurus brevis n. sp.
- Pelorosaurus conybeari identifié comme Cetiosaurus conybeari n. sp.
- Cuckfield (general) [BMNH] : England - Sussex 7386 14061 14071 14142 14170 17381 25118 30971 Cuckfield, Sussex, England. Includes "the locality whence the first tooth of the genus was obtained by Dr. Mantell, about 1820", Cuckfield, Sussex, England."
- Iguanodon identifié comme Iguanodon mantelli
- Ornithomimosauria identifié comme Megalosaurus oweni n. sp.
- Pages Avenue foreshore, Cooden, Bexhill-on-Sea : England - Sussex 27782 foreshore below cliff face along Pages Avenue, Cooden, Bexhill-on-Sea
- Whiteman’s Green, Cuckfield : England - West Sussex 17381 23491 23719 31500 35315 78161 now-abandoned quarry in Whiteman’s Green, Cuckfield; TQ 30052550 (also listed as TQ 300256)
- Barilium dawsoni
- Iguanodon identifié comme Iguanodon anglicum n. sp.
- Bexhill cliff tracksite : England - East Sussex 46921 47230 55583 68227 81063 82858 contiguous to Bexhill, along 400 yds of rock exposed at low tide
- Biggs' Farm, Cuckfield : England - West Sussex 52457 82858 Biggs' Farm, near Cuckfield - actually near Haywards Heath
- Philpots Quarry [Ardingly Sandstone] : England - West Sussex 78161 78875 Philpots Quarry, 1 km SW of West Hoathly; TQ 355323 (also given as TQ 35563228)
- Philpots Quarry [Pebble Bed] : England - West Sussex 78161 Philpots Quarry, near West Hoathly; TQ 355323
- Hakesbourne Pit, Rusper : England - West Sussex 13932 14071 31500 Hakesbourne Pit (= Hawksbourne), Rusper, 4 mi. NE of Horsham
- Waterman's Field : England - West Sussex 31500 Waterman's Field, near Southwater, SW of Horsham; TQ 145 275
Publication(s)
La base comprend 51 publication(s).
Source: The Paleobiology Database
- ↑1 2 G. A. Mantell. 1822. The Fossils of the South Downs; or Illustrations of the Geology of Sussex (https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.44924)
- ↑1 P. M. Galton. 1981. Craterosaurus pottonensis Seeley, a stegosaurian dinosaur from the Lower Cretaceous of England, and a review of Cretaceous stegosaurs. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen 161(1):28-46 (https://doi.org/10.1127/njgpa/161/1981/28)
- ↑1 P. M. Galton. 1985. British plated dinosaurs (Ornithischia, Stegosauridae). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 5(3):211-254 (https://doi.org/10.1080/02724634.1985.10011859)
- ↑1 2 3 R. Owen. 1858. Monograph on the fossil Reptilia of the Wealden and Purbeck Formations. Part IV. Dinosauria (Hylaeosaurus). [Wealden]. The Palaeontological Society, London 1856:8-26 (https://doi.org/10.1080/02693445.1858.12027916)
- ↑1 R. Owen. 1875. Monographs on the fossil Reptilia of the Mesozoic formations. Part II. (Genera Bothriospondylus, Cetiosaurus, Omosaurus). 29:15-93 (https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.100403)
- ↑1 2 R. Lydekker. 1888. Catalogue of the Fossil Reptilia and Amphibia in the British Museum (Natural History). Part I. Containing the Orders Ornithosauria, Crocodilia, Dinosauria, Squamata, Rhynchocephalia, and Proterosauria. British Museum (Natural History), London (https://doi.org/10.1017/s0016756800173480)
- ↑1 M. T. Carrano. 2025. Taxonomic opinions on the Dinosauria.
- ↑1 J. Pereda-Suberbiola. 1993. Hylaeosaurus, Polacanthus, and the systematics and stratigraphy of Wealden armoured dinosaurs. Geological Magazine 130(6):767-781 (https://doi.org/10.1017/s0016756800023141)
- ↑1 R. Owen. 1859. Palaeontology. The Encyclopaedia Brittanica, or Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, and General Literature (8th Edition) 17:91-176
- ↑1 W. T. Blows. 1987. The armoured dinosaur Polacanthus foxi from the Lower Cretaceous of the Isle of Wight. Palaeontology 30(3):557-580
- ↑1 W. Buckland. 1824. Notice on the Megalosaurus or great Fossil Lizard of Stonesfield. Transactions of the Geological Society of London, series 2 1:390-396 (https://doi.org/10.1144/transgslb.1.2.390)
- ↑1 2 3 4 5 G. A. Mantell. 1851. Petrifactions and Their Teachings; or, a Hand-Book to the Gallery of Organic Remains of the British Museum (https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.19821)
- ↑1 W. P. Coombs. 1978. The families of the ornithischian dinosaur order Ankylosauria. Palaeontology 21(1):143-170
- ↑1 G. A. Mantell. 1850. On the Pelorosaurus; an undescribed gigantic terrestrial reptile, whose remains are associated with those of Iguanodon and other saurians in the strata of the Tilgate Forest, in Sussex. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 140(16):379-390 (https://doi.org/10.1144/gsl.jgs.1850.006.01-02.29)
- ↑1 G. A. Mantell. 1833. The Geology of the South-East of England (https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.106921)
- ↑1 2 G. A. Mantell. 1848. On the structure of the jaws and teeth of the Iguanodon. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 138:183-202
- ↑1 F. -J. Pictet. 1853. Traité de Paléontologie ou Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Fossiles Considérés dans Leurs Rapports Zoologiques et Géologiques [Treatise of Paleontology or the Natural History of Fossil Animals Considered in their Zoological and Geological Relationships] 1:xiv-584 (https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.13903)
- ↑1 2 A. S. Woodward and C. D. Sherborn. 1890. A Catalogue of British Fossil Vertebrata. Dulao & Company, London (https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s7-ix.210.13d)
- ↑1 2 3 4 5 P. M. Galton. 2009. Notes on Neocomian (Lower Cretaceous) ornithopod dinosaurs from England - Hypsilophodon, Valdosaurus, "Camptosaurus", "Iguanodon" - and referred specimens from Romania and elsewhere. Revue de Paléobiologie, Genève 28(1):211-273
- ↑1 2 A. G. Melville. 1849. Notes on the vertebral column of the Iguanodon. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 139:285-300
- ↑1 E. Hennig. 1915. Fossilium Catalogus. I: Animalia. Pars 9: Stegosauria 1:1-16 (https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112609408)
- ↑1 Anonymous. 1824. Sussex. New Monthly Magazine 12(48):575
- ↑1 G. A. Mantell. 1854. The Medals of Creation; or, First Lessions in Geology, and the Study of Organic Remains 2:447-930 (https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.13910)
- ↑1 G. A. Mantell. 1850. A Pictorial Atlas of Fossil Remains. (https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.122592)
- ↑1 G. A. Mantell. 1827. Illustrations of the Geology of Sussex: Containing a General View of the Geological Relations of the South-Eastern Part of England; wth Figures and Descriptions of the Fossils of Tilgate Forest
- ↑1 E. Buffetaut. 2010. Spinosaurs before Stromer: early finds of spinosaurid dinosaurs and their interpretations. Dinosaurs and Other Extinct Saurians: A Historical Perspective. Geological Society, London, Special Publications 343:175-188 (https://doi.org/10.1144/SP343.10)
- ↑1 P. M. Barrett and S. C. R. Maidment. 2011. Armoured dinosaurs. English Wealden Fossils. Palaeontological Association Field Guide to Fossils 14:391-406
- ↑1 D. Naish and D. M. Martill. 2001. Armoured dinosaurs: thyreophorans. Dinosaurs of the Isle of Wight. Palaeontological Association Field Guides to Fossils 10:147-184
- ↑1 D. Naish and D. M. Martill. 2001. Ornithopod dinosaurs. Dinosaurs of the Isle of Wight. Palaeontological Association Field Guides to Fossils 10:60-132
- ↑1 R. Owen. 1860. Palaeontology or a Systematic Summary of Extinct Animals and Their Geological Relations (https://doi.org/10.1144/gsl.jgs.1860.016.01-02.07)
- ↑1 2 3 4 J. B. Delair and W. A. S. Sarjeant. 1985. History and bibliography of the study of fossil vertebrate footprints in the British Isles: supplement 1973–1983. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 49:123-160 (https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(85)90007-0)
- ↑1 K. E. Woodhams and J. S. Hines. 1989. Dinosaur footprints from the Lower Cretaceous of East Sussex, England. Dinosaur Tracks and Traces. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
- ↑1 2 J. B. Delair. 1989. A history of dinosaur footprints discoveries in the British Wealden. Dinosaur Tracks and Traces
- ↑1 K. E. Woodhams and J. S. Hines. 1986. Dinosaur footprints from the Lower Cretaceous of East Sussex, England. First International Symposium on Dinosaur Tracks and Traces. Abstracts with Program
- ↑1 C. Diedrich. 2004. New important iguanodontid and theropod trackways of the tracksite Obernkirchen in the Berriasian of NW Germany and megatracksite concept of central Europe. Ichnos 11(3-4):215-228 (https://doi.org/10.1080/10420940490444924)
- ↑1 2 3 4 5 R. Owen. 1842. Report on British fossil reptiles, part II. Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 11:60-204
- ↑1 D. Naish and D. M. Martill. 2001. Saurischian dinosaurs 1: sauropods. Dinosaurs of the Isle of Wight. Palaeontological Association Field Guides to Fossils 10:185-241
- ↑1 J. W. Hulke. 1886. On the maxilla of Iguanodon. Geological Magazine 3(3):282 (https://doi.org/10.1144/gsl.jgs.1886.042.01-04.46)
- ↑1 R. Lydekker. 1893. On a sauropodous dinosaurian vertebra from the Wealden of Hastings. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 49:276-280 (https://doi.org/10.1144/gsl.jgs.1893.049.01-04.44)
- ↑1 R. Lydekker. 1889. Note on some points in the nomenclature of fossil reptiles and amphibians, with preliminary notices of two new species. Geological Magazine, decade 3 6:325-326 (https://doi.org/10.1017/s0016756800176472)
- ↑1 2 F. Holl. 1829. Handbuch der Petrefactenkunde, mit einer Einleitung über die Vorwelt der organischen Wesen auf der Erde von Dr. Ludwig Choulant 1:1-115
- ↑1 A. T. McDonald, P. M. Barrett, and S. D. Chapman. 2010. A new basal iguanodont (Dinosauria: Ornithischia) from the Wealden (Lower Cretaceous) of England. Zootaxa 2569:1-43 (https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2569.1.1)
- ↑1 2 3 4 5 D. J. Batten and P. A. Austen. 2011. The Wealden of south-east England. English Wealden Fossils. The Palaeontological Association Field Guide to Fossils 14:15-51
- ↑1 2 S. H. Beckles. 1854. On the Ornithoidichnites of the Wealden. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 10:456-464 (https://doi.org/10.1144/gsl.jgs.1854.010.01-02.52)
- ↑1 O. P. Hay. 1910. On the manner of locomotion of the dinosaurs, especially Diplodocus, with remarks on the origin of birds. Proceedings of the Washington Academy of Sciences 12(1):1-25 (https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.26217)
- ↑1 T. C. Winkler. 1886. Histoire de l’Ichnologie. Étude Ichnologique sur les Empreintes de Pas d’Animaux Fossiles, Suivie de la Description des Plaques à Impressions d’Animaux qui se Trouvent au Musée Teyler [History of Ichnology. Ichnological Study of Fossil Animal Footprints, Followed by the Description of Slabs with Animal Impressions found in Teyler’s Museum] (https://doi.org/10.1002/prac.18860340122)
- ↑1 G. M. Walkden and E. F. Oppé. 1969. In the footsteps of dinosaurs. The Amateur Geologist 111(2):19-35
- ↑1 2 W. A. S. Sarjeant. 1974. A history and bibliography of the study of fossil vertebrate footprints in the British Isles. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 16:265-378 (https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(74)90024-8)
- ↑1 2 A. Taylor. 1862. On the footprint of an Iguanodon, lately found at Hastings. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 18:247-253 (https://doi.org/10.1144/gsl.jgs.1862.018.01-02.37)
- ↑1 J. D. Radley and P. Allen. 2012. The Wealden (non-marine Lower Cretaceous) of the Weald Sub-basin, southern England. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association 123(2):245-318 (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pgeola.2012.01.003)
- ↑1 W. T. Blows. 1998. A review of Lower and Middle Cretaceous dinosaurs of England. Lower and Middle Cretaceous Terrestrial Ecosystems, New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 14:29-38
Galerie d'image
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