Genre
Valide Éteint

Tyrannosaurus

tyrant lizard
Osborn 1905
Étymologie Roi des reptiles tyrans

Tyrannosaurus, communément appelé Tyrannosaure, est un genre fossile de dinosaures théropodes appartenant à la famille des Tyrannosauridae et ayant vécu au Maastrichtien, dernier étage du Crétacé, il y a environ 69 à 66 millions d'années, avec des spécimens isolés pouvant indiquer une origine antérieure au Campanien moyen, en Amérique du Nord. Tyrannosaurus rex, couramment abrégé en « T. rex », dont l'étymologie du nom signifie « roi des lézards tyrans », est l'une des plus célèbres espèces de dinosaures. Tyrannosaurus fut l'un des derniers dinosaures non-aviens à avoir vécu jusqu'à l'extinction survenue à la limite Crétacé-Paléogène il y a 66 millions d'années.

Plage temporelle
Trias
Jurassique
Crétacé
Paléogène
Néogène
252 201 145 66 0 Ma
Occurrences PBDB
87
Groupe
Dinosaures
Carnivore Vivant au sol, solitaire Terrestre
Tyrannosaurus
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Wikimedia
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PBDB ↗ Wikipedia ↗
Classification
Dinosauria Clade non classé
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Theropoda Clade non classé
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Neotheropoda Clade non classé
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Averostra Clade non classé
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Tetanurae Clade non classé
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Coelurosauria Clade non classé
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Tyrannosauroidea Superfamille
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Tyrannosauridae Famille
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Tyrannosaurinae Sous-famille
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Tyrannosaurini Tribu
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Tyrannosaurus Genre
Mesures
Hauteur
3,6 m ⓘ
Longueur
12,5 m ⓘ
Tyrannosaurus rex
12 m ⓘ
Masse
9 500 kg ⓘ
Tyrannosaurus rex
Sites de découverte 87 sites géolocalisés
Répartition
Principaux pays
🇺🇸 États-Unis
78
🇨🇦 Canada
6
🇨🇳 Chine
1
🇷🇺 Russie
1
🇲🇽 Mexique
1
Formations géologiques
Hell Creek
49
Lance
12
Denver
6
Ferris
4
Frenchman
2
Scollard
2
Dinosaur Park
1
Kirtland
1
Judith River
1
Subashi
1
Distribution temporelle
Maastrichtien (72.2–66 Ma)
81
Campanien (83.6–72.2 Ma)
6
Espèces (9)
Albertosaurus megagracilis subjective synonym of Tyrannosaurus rex 84 Ma
Aublysodon molnaris subjective synonym of Tyrannosaurus rex 84 Ma
Dynamosaurus imperiosus subjective synonym of Tyrannosaurus rex 84 Ma
Manospondylus gigas subjective synonym of Tyrannosaurus rex 84 Ma
Tyrannosaurus imperator subjective synonym of Tyrannosaurus rex 84 Ma
Tyrannosaurus mcraeensis 84 Ma
Tyrannosaurus regina subjective synonym of Tyrannosaurus rex 84 Ma
Tyrannosaurus rex 84 Ma
Tyrannosaurus turpanensis nomen dubium, species not entered Tyrannosaurus 84 Ma
Synonymes (6)
Dinotyrannus subjective synonym of Tyrannosaurus
Dynamosaurus subjective synonym of Tyrannosaurus
Manospondylus subjective synonym of Tyrannosaurus
Stygivenator subjective synonym of Tyrannosaurus
Tyrannosauripus nomen nudum Tyrannosaurus
Tyrannosaurus turpanensis nomen dubium, species not entered Tyrannosaurus
Actualités 6
Extraordinary Probable T. rex Trackway Discovered in North Dakota
musée Denver Crétacé Crétacé supérieur Maastrichtien +2
An extraordinary trace fossil probably a Tyrannosaurus rex trackway has been discovered in North Dakota. It provides a rare glimpse of a giant theropod walking through the Late Cretaceous landscape. The four huge footprints date to approximately 66.5 million years ago (Maastrichtian faunal stage). Scientists from the Denver Museum of Nature & Science and Liverpool
13/09/2026 everythingdinosaur
Le T. rex n’était pas qu’une brute : son cerveau aurait pu lui permettre de résoudre des problèmes et même d’utiliser des outils
Le T. rex n’était pas qu’une brute : son cerveau aurait pu lui permettre de résoudre des problèmes et même d’utiliser des outils
Dinosauria Tyrannosaurus
Un tyrannosaure aussi malin qu'un babouin, capable d'utiliser des outils et de transmettre des savoirs : l'hypothèse a fait le tour du monde en 2023. Une équipe internationale l'a passée au crible, aboutissant à une estimation dix fois inférieure. Le débat porte moins sur les dinosaures que sur...
12/09/2026 futura-terre
Paleontologists Discover First-Ever Adult Tyrannosaurus rex Trackway
Paleontologists Discover First-Ever Adult Tyrannosaurus rex Trackway
Tyrannosaurus
Paleontologists in North Dakota have unearthed a set of 66.5-million-year-old fossilized footprints that can be confidently attributed to a full-grown Tyrannosaurus rex. The post Paleontologists Discover First-Ever Adult Tyrannosaurus rex Trackway appeared first on Sci.News: Breaking Science News.
09/09/2026 sci-news
L'interview de Everything Dinosaur Evolution révèle l'histoire dramatique derrière la figure du tyrannosaure
Dinosauria Tyrannosaurus évolution
L'interview Everything Dinosaur Evolution avec Extinct Fine Art explore l'histoire derrière notre passionnante gamme de modèles. Mike de Everything Dinosaur a rejoint l'intervieweur Karim Zanaty pour une conversation approfondie. La discussion examine les origines de Everything Dinosaur et le développement du T. rex Everything Dinosaur Evolution de la société. De plus, Mike explique comment la science, l'art et
14/08/2026 everythingdinosaur ⚙ Traduction automatique
Everything Dinosaur Stocking Nouvelles figurines de tyrannosaure du studio Nanmu
Dinosauria Tyrannosaurus
Everything Dinosaur propose les trois nouveaux tyrannosaures articulés de Nanmu Studio.  Ces nouvelles figurines passionnantes seront probablement en stock au cours du premier trimestre de 2027. Les trois figurines articulées de Tyrannosaurus rex de Nanmu Studio sont le Souverain du Serment, Ashen Monarche et le Roi Once and Future. Souverain du Serment (170158) - vert
10/08/2026 everythingdinosaur ⚙ Traduction automatique
Le T. rex a-t-il laissé ces marques de morsure vieilles de 66 millions d'années ?
os dent alimentation Dinosauria Tyrannosaurus +2
Les os fossilisés de dinosaures du Wyoming offrent un rare aperçu du comportement alimentaire du Tyrannosaurus rex. Les chercheurs ont examiné plus de 3 000 os datant de 72 à 66 millions d’années et n’en ont trouvé que 12 avec d’éventuelles traces de dents, dont quatre avec des motifs qui correspondaient étroitement à la forme et à l’espacement des dents du T. rex.
05/08/2026 sciencedaily ⚙ Traduction automatique
Images 28
Bibliographie
Description originale
H. F. Osborn. 1905. Tyrannosaurus and other Cretaceous carnivorous dinosaurs. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 21(14):259-265
Bibliographie (43)
E. M. Roberts, M. S. Hendrix, and J. Ramezani, W. C. Clyde, P. Zippi, S. Hodgson, V. Yuleridge, L. E. Zanno. 2026. High precision CA-ID-TIMS U-Pb zircon age for the “Dueling Dinosaurs” locality, with implications for regional correlation, basal age and duration of the Hell Creek Formation, Montana. PLOS One 21(5):e0328861:1-27 DOI ↗
H. N. Thomas, D. W. E. Hone, and T. Gomes, J. E. Peterson. 2025. Infernodrakon hastacollis gen. et sp. nov., a new azhdarchid pterosaur from the Hell Creek Formation of Montana, and the pterosaur diversity of Maastrichtian North America. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology (e2442476) DOI ↗
S. G. Dalman, M. A. Loewen, and R. A. Pyron, S. E. Jasinski, D. E. Malinzak, S. G. Lucas, A. R. Fiorilllo, P. J. Currie, N. R. Longrich. 2024. A giant tyrannosaur from the Campanian–Maastrichtian of southern North America and the evolution of tyrannosaurid gigantism. Scientific Reports 13:22124:1-11 DOI ↗
D. B. Brinkman, C. Libke, and R. C. McKellar, S. Gasilov, C. M. Somers. 2023. A new pan-kinosternid, Leiochelys tokaryki, gen. et sp. nov., from the late Maastrichtian Frenchman formation, Saskatchewan Canada. The Anatomical Record 306(6):1481-1500 DOI ↗
J.-P. M. Hodnett, M. T. Carrano, and V. L. Santucci, J. S. Tweet, C. C. Visaggi. 2023. A tyrannosaur (Dinosauria; Theropoda; Tyrannosauridae) from the Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) Harebell Formation of Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 94:233-238
G. S. Paul, W. S. Persons, and J. Van Raalte. 2022. The tyrant lizard king, queen and emperor: multiple lines of morphological and stratigraphic evidence support subtle evolution and probable speciation within the North American genus Tyrannosaurus. Evolutionary Biology 49(2):156-179 DOI ↗
W. W. Stein. 2021. The paleontology, geology and taphonomy of the Tooth Draw Deposit; Hell Creek Formation (Maastrictian), Butte County, South Dakota. The Journal of Paleontological Sciences JPS.C.21:0001:1-108
W. G. Joyce, T. R. Lyson, and S. Williams. 2016. New cranial material of Gilmoremys lancensis (Testudines, Trionychidae) from the Hell Creek Formation of southeastern Montana, U.S.A. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 36(6):e1225748:1-10 DOI ↗
Á. A. Ramírez-Velasco and R. Hernández-Rivera. 2015. Diversity of Late Cretaceous dinosaurs from Mexico. Boletín Geológico y Minero 126(1):63-108
T. S. Kelly. 2014. Preliminary report on the mammals form Lane's Little Jaw Site Quarry: a latest Cretaceous (earliest Puercan?) local fauna, Hell Creek Formation, southeastern Montana. Paludicola 10(1):50-91
S. G. Dalman. 2013. New examples of Tyrannosaurus rex from the Lance Formation of Wyoming, United States. Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History 54(2):241-254 DOI ↗
M. T. Carrano. 2010. Fossil Vertebrate Collections, New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science
J. C. Mathews, S. L. Brusatte, and S. A. Williams, M. D. Henderson. 2009. The first Triceratops bonebed and its implications for gregarious behavior. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 29(1):286-290 DOI ↗
J. W. Hoganson, J. M. Erickson, and F. D. Holland. 2007. Amphibian, reptilian, and avian remains from the Fox Hills Formation (Maastrichtian): shoreline and estuarine deposits of the Pierre Sea in south-central North Dakota. The Geology and Paleontology of the Late Cretaceous Marine Deposits of the Dakotas. Geological Society of America Special Paper 427:239-256 DOI ↗
M. B. Goodwin, W. A. Clemens, and J. R. Horner, K. Padian. 2006. The smallest known Triceratops skull: new observations on ceratopsid cranial anatomy and ontogeny. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 26(1):103-112 DOI ↗
M. A. Urban and M. C. Lamanna. 2006. Evidence of a giant tyrannosaurid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Upper Cretaceous (?Campanian) of Montana. Annals of Carnegie Museum 75(4):231-235 DOI ↗
A. O. Averianov and A. A. Yarkov. 2004. Carnivorous dinosaurs (Saurischia, Theropoda) from the Maastrichtian of the Volga-Don interfluve, Russia. Paleontological Journal 38(1):78-82
T. T. Tokaryk and H. N. Bryant. 2004. The fauna from the Tyrannosaurus rex excavation, Frenchman Formation (Late Maastrichtian), Saskatchewan. Summary of Investigations 2004, Volume 1. Saskatchewan Geological Survey, Saskatchewan Industry Resources, Miscellaneous Report 2004-4 1:1-12
R. Larson, R. Nellermoe, and R. Gould. 2003. A study of theropod teeth from a low-species-density hadrosaur bone bed in the lower Hell Creek Formation in Corson Co., S.D. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 23(3, suppl.):70A-71A
M. G. Lockley, G. Nadon, and P. J. Currie. 2003. A diverse dinosaur-bird footprint assemblage from the Lance Formation, Upper Cretaceous, eastern Wyoming; implications for ichnotaxonomy. Ichnos 11:229-249 DOI ↗
K. Carpenter and D. B. Young. 2002. Late Cretaceous dinosaurs from the Denver Basin, Colorado. Rocky Mountain Geology 37(2):237-254 DOI ↗
P. A. Holroyd and J. H. Hutchison. 2002. Patterns of geographic variation in latest Cretaceous vertebrates: evidence from the turtle component. Geological Society of America Special Paper 361:177-190 DOI ↗
D. A. Pearson, T. Schaefer, and K. R. Johnson, D. J. Nichols, J. P. Hunter. 2002. Vertebrate biostratigraphy of the Hell Creek Formation in southwestern North Dakota and northwestern South Dakota. The Hell Creek Formation and the Cretaceous-Tertiary Boundary in the Northern Great Plains: An Integrated Continental Record of the End of the Cretaceous, Geological Society of America Special Paper 361:145-167 DOI ↗
D. A. Eberth, P. J. Currie, and D. B. Brinkman, M. J. Ryan, D. R. Braman, J. D. Gardner, V. D. Lam, D. N. Spivak, A. G. Neuman. 2001. Alberta's dinosaurs and other fossil vertebrates: Judith River and Edmonton groups (Campanian-Maastrichtian). In C. L. Hill (ed), Society of Vertebrate Paleontology, 61st Annual Meeting, Bozeman. Guidebook for the Field Trips: Mesozoic and Cenozoic Paleontology in the Western Plains and Rocky Mountains, Museum of the Rockies Occasional Paper 3:49-75
J. A. Lillegraven and J. J. Eberle. 1999. Vertebrate faunal changes through Lancian and Puercan time in southern Wyoming. Journal of Paleontology 73(4):691-710 DOI ↗
K. Derstler. 1995. The Dragons' Grave: an Edmontosaurus bonebed containing theropod egg shells and juveniles, Lance Formation (uppermost Cretaceous), Niobrara County, Wyoming. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 15(3, suppl.):26A
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D. A. Ein. 1992. A dinosaur by any other name. Lapidary Journal 46(8):24-28
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J. M. Wood, R.G. Thomas, and J. Visser. 1988. Fluvial processes and vertebrate taphonomy: the Upper Cretaceous Judith River Formation, south-central Dinosaur Provincial Park, Alberta, Canada. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 66:127-143 DOI ↗
J. S. McIntosh. 1981. Annotated catalogue of the dinosaurs (Reptilia, Archosauria) in the collections of the Carnegie Museum of Natural History. Bulletin of Carnegie Museum of Natural History 18:1-67 DOI ↗
C. Lupton, D. Gabriel, and R. M. West. 1980. Paleobiology and depositional setting of a Late Cretaceous vertebrate locality, Hell Creek Formation, McCone County, Montana. Contributions to Geology, University of Wyoming 18(2):117-126
R. E. Molnar. 1980. An albertosaur from the Hell Creek Formation of Montana. Journal of Paleontology 54(1):102-108
K. Carpenter. 1979. Vertebrate fauna of the Laramie Formation (Maestrichtian), Weld County, Colorado. Contributions to Geology, University of Wyoming 17(1):37-49
M. Odano. 1978. Tyrannosaurus rex and the amateurs. Terra 17(2):16-23
R.-j. Zhai, J.-j. Zheng, and Y.-s. Tong. 1978. [Stratigraphy of the mammal-bearing Tertiary of the Turfan Basin, Sinkiang]. Reports of Paleontological Expedition to Sinkiang. III. Permian and Triassic Vertebrate Fossils of Dzungaria Basin and Tertiary Stratigraphy and Mammalian Fossils of Turfan Basin 13:68-81
M. T. Greenwald. 1971. The Lower Vertebrates of the Hell Creek Formation, Harding County, South Dakota.
J. R. MacDonald. 1966. The search for the king of the tyrant lizards. Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History Quarterly 4(3):18-22
R. Estes. 1964. Fossil vertebrates from the Late Cretaceous Lance Formation, eastern Wyoming. University of California Publications in Geological Sciences 49:1-187
C. W. Gilmore. 1920. Osteology of the carnivorous Dinosauria in the United States National Museum, with special reference to the genera Antrodemus (Allosaurus) and Ceratosaurus. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 110:1-154 DOI ↗
F. H. Knowlton. 1909. The stratigraphic relations and paleontology of the "Hell Creek beds," Ceratops beds" and equivalents, and their reference to the Fort Union Formation. Proceedings of the Washington Academy of Sciences 11(3):179-238
H. F. Osborn. 1909. Extinct mammals, birds, reptiles and fishes. Fortieth Annual Report of the American Museum of Natural History for the Year 1908
H. F. Osborn. 1905. Tyrannosaurus and other Cretaceous carnivorous dinosaurs. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 21(14):259-265