Apatosaurus

Original description: The diagram is based on strict consensus of five minimum-length trees using 13 ingroup taxa and 102 unordered characters (CI = 0.76; RI = 0.78) (Text S5). Scaled icons represent a diplodocid (Apatosaurus) [11], dicraeosaurid (Dicraeosaurus) [51], and a rebbachisaurid (Nigersaurus). Geographic distributions include Laurasian diplodocoids (western North America—Apatasaurus, Diplodocus, Suuwassea; Europe—Histriasaurus, Spanish rebbachisaurid) and Gondwanan diplodocoids (South America—Cathartesaura, Limaysaurus, Zapalasaurus; Africa—Rebbachisaurus, Nigersaurus). Temporal boundaries based on a recent timescale [52]. Color scheme: Laurasia (orange); Gondwana (blue); North America (solid orange); Europe (striped orange); South America (blue); Africa (striped blue).

Six diplodocoids (top to bottom): Barosaurus, Apatosaurus louisae, Brachytrachelopan, Nigersaurus, Haplocanthosaurus, Amargasaurus

Six diplodocoids (top to bottom): Barosaurus, Apatosaurus louisae, Brachytrachelopan, Nigersaurus, Haplocanthosaurus, Amargasaurus

Six diplodocoids (top to bottom): Barosaurus, Apatosaurus louisae, Brachytrachelopan, Nigersaurus, Haplocanthosaurus, Amargasaurus

1st row (early saurischians): Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis (herrerasaur), Eodromaeus murphi (basal theropod); 2nd row (theropods): Pelecanus occidentalis, Tyrannosaurus rex; 3rd row (sauropodomorphs): Apatosaurus louisae, Plateosaurus trossingensis.

1st row (early saurischians): Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis (herrerasaur), Eodromaeus murphi (basal theropod); 2nd row (theropods): Pelecanus occidentalis, Tyrannosaurus rex; 3rd row (sauropodomorphs): Apatosaurus louisae, Plateosaurus trossingensis.

1st row (early saurischians): Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis (herrerasaur), Eodromaeus murphi (basal theropod); 2nd row (theropods): Pelecanus occidentalis, Tyrannosaurus rex; 3rd row (sauropodomorphs): Apatosaurus louisae, Plateosaurus trossingensis.

Apatosaurus louisae (CM 3018) mounted fossil skeleton on display at the Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, PA

Apatosaurus louisae (CM 3018) mounted fossil skeleton on display at the Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, PA

Apatosaurus louisae (CM 3018) mounted fossil skeleton on display at the Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, PA

Apatosaurus louisae (CM 3018) mounted fossil skeleton on display at the Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, PA

Apatosaurus louisae (CM 3018) mounted fossil skeleton on display at the Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, PA

Apatosaurus louisae (CM 3018) mounted fossil skeleton on display at the Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, PA

Apatosaurus louisae (CM 3018) mounted fossil skeleton on display at the Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, PA

Apatosaurus louisae (CM 3018) mounted fossil skeleton on display at the Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, PA

Apatosaurus louisae (CM 3018) mounted fossil skeleton on display at the Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, PA