Subfamily
Valid Extinct

Thescelosaurinae

Sternberg 1940

Thescelosauridae is a clade of neornithischians from the Cretaceous of East Asia and North America. The group was originally used as a name by Charles M. Sternberg in 1937, but was not formally defined until 2013, where it was used by Brown and colleagues as the group uniting Thescelosaurus and Orodromeus, based on their phylogenetic results. During a phylogenetic revision of neornithischians by Clint Boyd in 2015, the authorship of Thescelosauridae was given to Brown and colleagues, which meant that the similar name Parksosauridae, informally defined in 2002 by Buchholz, would have had priority over Thescelosauridae. The two clades had slightly different definitions, with Parksosauridae referring to all animals closer to Parksosaurus than Hypsilophodon, but they contained the same taxa so Boyd used Parksosauridae under the assumption it had priority. However, in formalizing the clade following the regulations of the PhyloCode, Madzia, Boyd, and colleagues identified in 2021 that Sternberg was the proper authority for Thescelosauridae, giving it priority over Parksosauridae. As well, they gave Thescelosauridae the definition of the largest clade containing Thescelosaurus neglectus but not Iguanodon bernissartensis, as long as Hypsilophodon foxii was not in the group, modifying previous definitions for Thescelosauridae in order to maintain its modern use, so that the clade was not applied if Thescelosaurus fell within Hypsilophodontidae, a family that has not been recently used but may be revived if the systematic position of Hypsilophodon was solidified at some point in the future. Madzia et al. (2021) identified the analysis of Madzia et al. (2018) as the reference analysis for the name Thescelosauridae, an analysis based on a revised version of the 2015 Boyd analysis.

Temporal range
Triassic
Jurassic
Cretaceous
Paleogene
Neogene
252 201 145 66 0 Ma
PBDB occurrences
72
Group
Dinosaures
Herbivore Ground dwelling, gregarious Terrestrial
Thescelosaurinae
click to enlarge
A Thescelosaurus at the Burpee Museum of Natural History in Rockford, Illinois, USA. Size:12 feet in length, 3 ft tall at the hip Weight: 670 lbs when alive. © Ben Jacobson (Kranar Drogin) · CC BY 2.5 · Wikimedia
PBDB Wikipedia
Classification
Dinosauria Unranked clade
Ornithischia Unranked clade
Neornithischia Unranked clade
Thescelosauridae Family
Thescelosaurinae Subfamily
Fossil sites 72 geolocated sites
Distribution
Top countries
🇺🇸 United States
49
🇨🇦 Canada
16
🇨🇳 China
5
🇲🇳 Mongolia
2
Geological formations
Lance
10
Oldman
4
Yixian
3
Prince Creek
2
Scollard
2
Temporal distribution
Maastrichtian (72.2–66 Ma)
48
Campanian (83.6–72.2 Ma)
13
Turonian (93.9–89.8 Ma)
1
Cenomanian (100.5–93.9 Ma)
5
Albian (113.2–100.5 Ma)
2
Barremian (125.77–121.4 Ma)
3
Images 1
Bibliography
Original description
C. M. Sternberg. 1940. Thescelosaurus edmontonensis, n. sp., and classification of the Hypsilophodontidae. Journal of Paleontology 14(5):481-494
Bibliography (42)
H. M. Avrahami, P. J. Makovicky, and R. T. Tucker, L. E. Zanno. 2024. A new semi‐fossorial thescelosaurine dinosaur from the Cenomanian‐age Mussentuchit Member of the Cedar Mountain Formation, Utah. The Anatomical Record 307(12):3717-3781 DOI ↗
H. Zhang, D. Yu, and Y. Feng, R. Pei, C.-F. Zhou. 2022. A Lujiatun-like dinosaurian assemblage from the Jehol Biota of Ningcheng, Inner Mongolia, Northeast China. Acta Paleontologica Polonica 67(3):617-621 DOI ↗
D. E. Barta and M. A. Norell. 2021. The osteology of Haya griva (Dinosauria: Ornithischia) from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 445:1-111 DOI ↗
M. N. Hudgins. 2021. The Paleobiology, Paleoecology, and Evolution of Thescelosauridae (Ornithischia) from Alberta, Canada.
W. W. Stein. 2021. The paleontology, geology and taphonomy of the Tooth Draw Deposit; Hell Creek Formation (Maastrictian), Butte County, South Dakota. The Journal of Paleontological Sciences JPS.C.21:0001:1-108
K. Snyder, M. McLain, and J. Wood, A. V. Chadwick. 2020. Over 13,000 elements from a single bonebed help elucidate disarticulation and transport of an Edmontosaurus thanatocoenosis. PLoS One 15(5):e0233182:1-31 DOI ↗
Y. Yang, W. Wu, and P.-E. Dieudonné, P. Godefroit. 2020. A new basal ornithopod dinosaur from the Lower Cretaceous of China. PeerJ 8:e9832:1-44 DOI ↗
Y. Rollot, T. R. Lyson, and W. G. Joyce. 2018. A Description of the Skull of Eubaena cephalica (Hay, 1904) and New Insights into the Cranial Circulation and Innervation of Baenid Turtles. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology e1474886:1-11 DOI ↗
W. G. Joyce, T. R. Lyson, and S. Williams. 2016. New cranial material of Gilmoremys lancensis (Testudines, Trionychidae) from the Hell Creek Formation of southeastern Montana, U.S.A. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 36(6):e1225748:1-10 DOI ↗
D. C. Evans, P. M. Barrett, and K. L. Seymour. 2012. Revised identification of a reported Iguanodon-grade ornithopod tooth from the Scollard Formation, Alberta, Canada. Cretaceous Research 33(1):11-14 DOI ↗
W. Zheng, X. Jin, and M. Shibata, Y. Azuma, F.-M. Yu. 2012. A new ornithischian dinosaur from the Cretaceous Liangtoutang Formation of Tiantai, Zhejiang Province, China. Cretaceous Research 34:208-219 DOI ↗
C. M. Brown and P. S. Druckenmiller. 2011. Basal ornithopod (Dinosauria: Ornithischia) teeth from the Prince Creek Formation (early Maastrichtian) of Alaska. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 48:1342-1354 DOI ↗
C. M. Brown, C. A. Boyd, and A. P. Russell. 2011. A new basal ornithopod dinosaur (Frenchman Formation, Saskatchewan, Canada), and implications for late Maastrichtian ornithischian diversity in North America. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 163(4):1157-1198 DOI ↗
P. J. Makovicky, B. M. Kilbourne, and R. W. Sadleir, M. A. Norell. 2011. A new basal ornithopod (Dinosauria, Ornithischia) from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 31(3):626-640 DOI ↗
D. W. Larson, D. B. Brinkman, and P. R. Bell. 2010. Faunal assemblages from the upper Horseshoe Canyon Formation, an early Maastrichtian cool-climate assemblage from Alberta, with special reference to the Albertosaurus sarcophagus bonebed. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 47:1159-1181 DOI ↗
C. A. Boyd, C. M. Brown, and R. D. Scheetz, J. A. Clarke. 2009. Taxonomic revision of the basal neornithischian taxa Thescelosaurus and Bugenasaura. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 29(3):758-770 DOI ↗
L. E. Wilson. 2008. Comparative taphonomy and paleoecological reconstruction of two microvertebrate accumulations from the Late Cretaceous Hell Creek Formation (Maastrichtian), eastern Montana. Palaios 23:289-297 DOI ↗
M. T. Carrano. 2005. Fossil Vertebrate Collections, University of California Museum of Paleontology
S.-Q. Zan, J. Chen, and L.-Y. Jin, T. Li. 2005. A primitive ornithopod from the Early Cretaceous Quantou Formation of central Jilin, China. Vertebrata PalAsiatica 43(3):182-193
D. A. Pearson, T. Schaefer, and K. R. Johnson, D. J. Nichols, J. P. Hunter. 2002. Vertebrate biostratigraphy of the Hell Creek Formation in southwestern North Dakota and northwestern South Dakota. The Hell Creek Formation and the Cretaceous-Tertiary Boundary in the Northern Great Plains: An Integrated Continental Record of the End of the Cretaceous, Geological Society of America Special Paper 361:145-167 DOI ↗
P. E. Fisher, D. A. Russell, and M. K. Stoskopf, R. E. Barrick, M. Hammer, A. A. Kuzmitz. 2000. Cardiovascular evidence for an intermediate or higher metabolism in an ornithischian dinosaur. Science 288:503-505 DOI ↗
X. Xu, X.-L. Wang, and H.-L. You. 2000. A primitive ornithopod from the Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation of Liaoning. Vertebrata PalAsiatica 38(4):318-325
J. M. Parrish. 1999. Dinosaur teeth from the Upper Cretaceous (Turonian–Judithian) of southern Utah. Vertebrate Paleontology in Utah, Utah Geological Survey Miscellaneous Publication 99-1:319-321
D. B. Brinkman. 1990. Paleontology of the Judith River Formation (Campanian) of Dinosaur National Park, Alberta, Canada: evidence from vertebrate microfossil locality. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 78:37-54
D. A. Eberth, D. B. Brinkman, and P. A. Johnston. 1988. Bonebed 31. In D. A. Eberth (ed.), Palaeoecology of Upper Cretaceous Judith River Formation at Dinosaur Provincial Park, Alberta, Canada. Society of Vertebrate Paleontology 48th Annual Meeting, Field Trip "B" (October 12, 1988). Occasional Paper of theTyrrell Museum of Palaeontology 7:23-26
J. L. Whitmore and J. E. Martin. 1986. Vertebrate fossils from the Greasewood Creek locality in the Late Cretaceous Lance Formation of Niobrara County, Wyoming. Proceedings of the South Dakota Academy of Sciences 65:33-50
P. R. Bjork. 1985. Preliminary report on the Ruby Site bone bed, Upper Cretaceous South Dakota. Geological Society of America, Rocky Mountain Section, Abstracts with Programs 17(4):209
P. J. Hutchinson and B. S. Kues. 1985. Depositional environments and paleontology of Lewis Shale to lower Kirtland Shale sequence (Upper Cretaceous), Bisti area, northwestern New Mexico. New Mexico Bureau of Mines & Mineral Resources Circular 195:24-54
K. Carpenter. 1982. Baby dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous Lance and Hell Creek formations and a description of a new species of theropod. Contributions to Geology, University of Wyoming 20(2):123-134
J. S. McIntosh. 1981. Annotated catalogue of the dinosaurs (Reptilia, Archosauria) in the collections of the Carnegie Museum of Natural History. Bulletin of Carnegie Museum of Natural History 18:1-67 DOI ↗
C. Lupton, D. Gabriel, and R. M. West. 1980. Paleobiology and depositional setting of a Late Cretaceous vertebrate locality, Hell Creek Formation, McCone County, Montana. Contributions to Geology, University of Wyoming 18(2):117-126
K. Carpenter. 1979. Vertebrate fauna of the Laramie Formation (Maestrichtian), Weld County, Colorado. Contributions to Geology, University of Wyoming 17(1):37-49
W. J. Morris. 1976. Hypsilophodont dinosaurs: a new species and comments on their systematics. in Churcher, C.S. (ed.), Athlon: Essays in Honor of Loris Shano Russell. Royal Ontario Museum Special Publication
P. M. Galton. 1974. Notes on Thescelosaurus, a conservative ornithopod dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous of North America, with comments on ornithopod classification. Journal of Paleontology 48(5):1048-1067
M. T. Greenwald. 1971. The Lower Vertebrates of the Hell Creek Formation, Harding County, South Dakota.
C. M. Sternberg. 1940. Thescelosaurus edmontonensis, n. sp., and classification of the Hypsilophodontidae. Journal of Paleontology 14(5):481-494
C. W. Gilmore. 1928. Fossil lizards of North America. Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences 22(3):1-201
W. A. Parks. 1926. Thescelosaurus warreni, a new species of orthopodous dinosaur from the Edmonton Formation of Alberta. University of Toronto Studies, Geology Series 21:1-42
C. M. Sternberg. 1926. Notes on the Edmonton Formation of Alberta. Canadian Field-Naturalist 40:102-104 DOI ↗
C. M. Sternberg. 1924. Report on a collection of vertebrates from Wood Mountain, southern Saskatchewan, collected by C. M. Sternberg, 1921. Canada Department of Mines Geological Survey Bulletin (Geological Series) 38(43):27-28
C. W. Gilmore. 1915. Osteology of Thescelosaurus, an orthopodous dinosaur from the Lance Formation of Wyoming. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 49(2127):591-616 DOI ↗
C. W. Gilmore. 1913. A new dinosaur from the Lance Formation of Wyoming. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Publications 61(5):1-5