Subfamily
Valid Extinct

Baryonychinae

(Charig and Milner 1986)

Baryonychinae is an extinct clade or subfamily of spinosaurids from the Early Cretaceous of Europe and West Africa. The clade was named by Charig & Milner in 1986 and defined by Sereno et al. in 1998 and Holtz et al. in 2004 as all taxa both closely related to Baryonyx walkeri and Spinosaurus aegyptiacus.

Temporal range
Triassic
Jurassic
Cretaceous
Paleogene
Neogene
252 201 145 66 0 Ma
PBDB occurrences
50
Group
Dinosaures
Carnivore Ground dwelling, solitary Terrestrial
Baryonychinae
click to enlarge
Skeletal reconstruction of Suchomimus tenerensis and Baryonyx walkeri to scale. © Jaime A. Headden (User:Qilong) · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia
PBDB Wikipedia
Classification
Dinosauria Unranked clade
Theropoda Unranked clade
Neotheropoda Unranked clade
Averostra Unranked clade
Tetanurae Unranked clade
Megalosauroidea Superfamily
Spinosauridae Family
Baryonychinae Subfamily
Fossil sites 50 geolocated sites
Distribution
Top countries
🇪🇸 Spain
30
🇬🇧 United Kingdom
9
🇳🇪 Niger
3
🇵🇹 Portugal
2
🇨🇲 Cameroon
2
🇧🇷 Brazil
1
🇱🇾 Libya
1
🇹🇳 Tunisia
1
🇲🇦 Morocco
1
Geological formations
Wessex
4
Pinilla de los Moros
4
Blesa
3
Elrhaz
3
Weald Clay
2
Castrillo de la Reina
2
Papo Seco
2
Temporal distribution
Cenomanian (100.5–93.9 Ma)
1
Albian (113.2–100.5 Ma)
4
Aptian (121.4–113.2 Ma)
3
Barremian (125.77–121.4 Ma)
26
Hauterivian (132.6–125.77 Ma)
12
Valanginian (137.05–132.6 Ma)
3
Berriasian (143.1–137.05 Ma)
1
Synonyms (5)
Cristatusaurus nomen dubium Baryonychinae
Cristatusaurus lapparenti nomen dubium, species not entered Baryonychinae
Suchosaurus nomen dubium Baryonychinae
Suchosaurus cultridens nomen dubium, species not entered Baryonychinae
Suchosaurus girardi nomen dubium, species not entered Baryonychinae
Bibliography
Original description
A. J. Charig and A. C. Milner. 1986. Baryonyx, a remarkable new theropod dinosaur. Nature 324(6095):359-361 DOI ↗
Bibliography (35)
E. Isasmendi, E. Cuesta, and I. Díaz-Martínez, J. Company, P. Sáez-Benito, L. I. Viera, A. Torices, X. Pereda-Suberbiola. 2024. Increasing the theropod record of Europe: a new basal spinosaurid from the Enciso Group of the Cameros Basin (La Rioja, Spain). Evolutionary implications and palaeobiodiversity. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 202(3):1–34 DOI ↗
M. B. S. Lacerda, P. R. L. Aragão, and F. S. Vieira, M. A. F. Sales, A. Liparini. 2023. On the first Baryonychinae (Theropoda, Spinosauridae) teeth from South America. Zootaxa 5264(4):526-544 DOI ↗
A. Santos-Cubedo, C. de Santisteban, and B. Poza, S. Meseguer. 2023. A new spinosaurid dinosaur species from the Early Cretaceous of Cinctorres (Spain). Scientific Reports 13:6471:1-13 DOI ↗
C. T. Barker, D. W. E. Hone, and D. Naish, A. Cau, J. A. F. Lockwood, B. Foster, C. E. Clarkin, P. Schneider, N. J. Gostling. 2021. New spinosaurids from the Wessex Formation (Early Cretaceous, UK) and the European origins of Spinosauridae. Scientific Reports 11:19340:1-16 DOI ↗
S. D. Figueiredo, C. N. d. Carvalho, and P. P. Cunha, I. d. S. Carvalho. 2021. New dinosaur tracks from the lower Barremian of Portugal (Areia do Mastro Formation, Cape Espichel). Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 9:84-96 DOI ↗
E. Malafaia, J. M. Gasulla, and F. Escaso, I. Narvaéz, F. Ortega. 2020. An update of the spinosaurid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) fossil record from the Lower Cretaceous of the Iberian Peninsula: distribution, diversity, and evolutionary history. Journal of Iberian Geology 46:431-444 DOI ↗
E. Malafaia, J. M. Gasulla, and F. Escaso, i. Narváez, J. L. Sanz, F. Ortega. 2019. A new spinosaurid theropod (Dinosauria: Megalosauroidea) from the late Barremian of Vallibona, Spain: Implications for spinosaurid diversity in the Early Cretaceous of the Iberian Peninsula. Cretaceous Research DOI ↗
A. Alonso, J. I. Canudo, and F. Torcida Fernández-Baldor. 2016. Isolated theropod teeth associated with sauropod remains from El Oterillo II (Early Cretaceous) site of Salas de los Infantes (Burgos, Spain). VII Jornadas Internacionales sobre Paleontología de Dinosaurios y su Entorno, Libro de Resúmenes DOI ↗
P. C. Sereno and S. J. ElShafie. 2013. A New Long-Necked Turtle, Laganemys tenerensis (Pleurodira: Araripemydidae), from the Elrhaz Formation (Aptian–Albian) of Niger. Morphology and Evolution of Turtles DOI ↗
M. T. Carrano, R. B. J. Benson, and S. D. Sampson. 2012. The phylogeny of Tetanurae (Dinosauria: Theropoda). Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 10(2):211-300 DOI ↗
J. M. Gasca, J. I. Canudo, and R. Cebrián Rodríguez, M. Moreno-Azanza. 2012. Nuevos vertebrados fósiles de la Formación El Castellar en Gúdar, Teruel, España (Barremiense inferior, Cretácico Inferior) [New vertebrate fossils from the El Castellar Formation in Gúdar, Teruel, Spain (lower Barremian, Lower Cretaceous)]. Geo-Temas 13:187-190
B. Vila, M. Suñer, and A. Santos-Cubedo, J. I. Canudo, B. Poza, A. Galobart. 2011. Saurischians through time. Dinosaurs of Eastern Iberia
P. Austen, D. Brockhurst, and K. Honeysett. 2010. Vertebrate fauna from Ashdown Brickworks, Bexhill, East Sussex. Wealden News (8):13-23
E. Buffetaut. 2010. Spinosaurs before Stromer: early finds of spinosaurid dinosaurs and their interpretations. Dinosaurs and Other Extinct Saurians: A Historical Perspective. Geological Society, London, Special Publications 343:175-188 DOI ↗
J. Le Loeuff and E. Métais. 2010. New stratigraphical data on North African spinosaurs. 8th Meeting of the European Association of Vertebrate Palaeontologists. Abstract Volume
J. M. Gasca, M. Moreno-Azanza, and J. I. Canudo. 2008. Dientes de dinosaurios teropódos espinosáuridos de la Formación El Castellar (Cretácico Inferior, Teruel) [Teeth of spinosaurid theropod dinosaurs from the El Castellar Formation (Lower Cretaceous, Teruel)]. Palaeontologica Nova 8:233-234
B. Sánchez-Hernández, M. J. Benton, and D. Naish. 2007. Dinosaurs and other fossil vertebrates from the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous of the Galve area, NE Spain. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 249:180-215 DOI ↗
P. Infante, J. I. Canudo, and J. I. Ruiz-Omeñaca. 2005. Primera evidencia de dinosaurios terópodos en la Formación Mirambel (Barremiense inferior, Cretácico Inferior) en Castellote, Teruel [First evidence of theropod dinosaurs in the Mirambel Formation (lower Barremian, Lower Cretaceous) in Castellote, Teruel]. Geogaceta 38:31-34
J. I. Canudo, J. M. Gasulla, and F. Ortega, J. I. Ruiz-Omeñaca. 2004. Presencia de Baryonychinae (Theropoda) en el Aptiense inferior (Cretácico Inferior) de Laurasia: Cantera Mas de la Parreta, Formación Arcillas de Morella (Morella, Castellón) [Presence of Baryonychinae (Theropoda) in the lower Aptian (Lower Cretaceous) of Laurasia: Cantera Mas de la Parreta, Arcillas de Morella Formation (Morella, Castellón)]. III Jornadas Internacionales sobre Paleontología de Dinosaurios y su Entorno
D. Srarfi, M. Ouaja, and E. Buffetaut, G. Cuny, G. Barale, S. Ferry, E. Fara. 2004. Position stratigraphique des niveaux à vertébrés du Mésozoïque Sud-Est de la Tunisie [Stratigraphic position of beds with Mesozoic vertebrates from southeastern Tunisia]. Notes du Service Géologique de Tunisie 72:5-16
J. I. Canudo and J. I. Ruiz-Omeñaca. 2003. Los restos directos de dinosaurios teropódos (excluyendo Aves) en España [Direct remains of theropod dinosaurs (excluding Aves) in Spain]. Ciencias de la Tierra 26:347-373
J. I. Ruiz-Omeñaca and J. I. Canudo. 2003. Dinosaurios (Saurischia, Ornithischia) en el Barremiense (Cretácico Inferior) de la península Ibérica [Dinosaurs (Saurischia, Ornithischia) in the Barremian (Lower Cretaceous) of the Iberian peninsula]. Dinosaurios y Otros Reptiles Mesozóicos de España
D. Naish, S. Hutt, and D. M. Martill. 2001. Saurischian dinosaurs 2: theropods. Dinosaurs of the Isle of Wight. Palaeontological Association Field Guides to Fossils 10:242-309
J. I. Ruiz-Omeñaca and J. I. Canudo. 2001. Dos yacimientos excepcionales con vertebrados continentales del Barremiense (Cretácico Inferior) de Teruel: Vallipón y La Cantalera [Two exceptional localities with continental vertebrates in the Barremian (Lower Cretaceous) of Teruel: Vallipón and La Cantalera]. Naturaleza Aragonesa 7:8-18
P. C. Sereno, A. L. Beck, and D. B. Dutheil, B. Gado, H. C. E. Larsson, G. H. Lyon, J. D. Marcot, O. W. M. Rauhut, R. W. Sadleir, C. A. Sidor, D. D. Varricchio, G. P. Wilson, J. A. Wilson. 1998. A long-snouted predatory dinosaur from Africa and the evolution of spinosaurids. Science 282:1298-1302 DOI ↗
P. Taquet and D. A. Russell. 1998. New data on spinosaurid dinosaurs from the Early Cretaceous of the Sahara. Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences à Paris, Sciences de la Terre et des Planètes 327:347-353 DOI ↗
A. J. Charig and A. C. Milner. 1997. Baryonyx walkeri, a fish-eating dinosaur from the Wealden of Surrey. Bulletin of the Natural History Museum, Geology Series 53(1):11-70
F. Torcida, C. Fuentes, and L. A. Izquierdo, D. Montero, V. Urién. 1997. Dientes de dinosaurios terópodos (cf. Baryonyx) en el Weald de Burgos (España) [Teeth of theropod dinosaurs (cf. Baryonyx) in the Weald of Burgos (Spain)]. Stvdia Geologica Salmanticensia 33:59-65
J. D. Radley. 1996. Type, figured and cited specimens in the Museum of Isle of Wight Geology (Isle of Wight, England). The Geological Curator 6(5):187-193 DOI ↗
M. J. Benton and P. S. Spencer. 1995. Fossil Reptiles of Great Britain. Chapman & Hall, London DOI ↗
A. J. Charig and A. C. Milner. 1990. The systematic position of Baryonyx walkeri, in the light of Gauthier's reclassification of the Theropoda. Dinosaur Systematics: Perspectives and Approaches DOI ↗
A. J. Charig and A. C. Milner. 1986. Baryonyx, a remarkable new theropod dinosaur. Nature 324(6095):359-361 DOI ↗
J. B. Bataller. 1960. Los vertebrados del Cretácico Español [The vertebrates from the Spanish Cretaceous]. Notas y Comunicaciones del Instituto Geologico y Minero de España 60:141-164
J. Royo y Gomez. 1927. Sur le faciès wealdien d'Espagne [On the Wealden facies of Spain]. Compte Rendu Sommaire des Séances de la Société géologique de France 47(3):125-128
H.-E. Sauvage. 1898. Vertébrés Fossiles du Portugal. Contributions à l’Étude des Poissons et des Reptiles du Jurassique et du Crétacique [Fossil Vertebrates of Portugal. Contributions to the Study of the Fishes and Reptiles of the Jurassic and Cretaceous]