Sous-ordre
Valide Éteint

Cyamodontoidea

Nopcsa 1923

Cyamodontoidea is an extinct superfamily of placodont marine reptiles from the Triassic period. It is one of the two main groups of placodonts, the other being Placodontoidea. Cyamodontoids are distinguished from placodontoids by their large shells, formed from fused bony plates called osteoderms and superficially resembling the shells of turtles. Cyamodontoids also have distinctive skulls with narrow, often toothless jaws and wide, flaring temporal regions behind the eyes. Two large temporal openings are positioned at the top of the back of the skull, an arrangement that is known as the euryapsid condition and seen throughout Sauropterygia, the marine reptile group to which placodonts belong. Cyamodontoids are also distinguished by their large crushing teeth, which grow from the palatine bones on the roof of the mouth.

Résumé en anglais — version française non disponible.

Plage temporelle
Trias
Jurassique
Crétacé
Paléogène
Néogène
252 201 145 66 0 Ma
Occurrences PBDB
37
Groupe
Sauroptérygiens
Marin
Cyamodontoidea
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fossil of henodus © Ghedoghedo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia

Légende en anglais — traduction française non disponible.

PBDB ↗ Wikipedia ↗
Classification
Sauropterygia Sous-ordre
›
Placodontia Ordre
›
Cyamodontoidea Sous-ordre
Sites de découverte 37 sites géolocalisés
Répartition
Principaux pays
🇮🇱 Israël
10
🇮🇹 Italie
8
🇦🇹 Autriche
5
🇸🇦 Arabie saoudite
3
🇩🇪 Allemagne
3
🇪🇬 Égypte
2
🇨🇳 Chine
2
🇪🇸 Espagne
1
🇹🇷 Turquie
1
🇬🇧 Royaume-Uni
1
Formations géologiques
Gevanim
4
Jilh
3
Kössener Schichten
3
Calcare di Zu
3
Saharonim
2
Falang
1
Muschelkalk
1
Erfurt
1
Tarasci
1
Gorno
1
Distribution temporelle
Campanien (83.6–72.2 Ma)
1
Rhétien (205.7–201.4 Ma)
9
Norien (227.3–205.7 Ma)
2
Carnien (237–227.3 Ma)
6
Ladinien (241.464–237 Ma)
8
Anisien (246.7–241.464 Ma)
11
Synonymes (1)
Psephosaurus picardi nomen dubium, species not entered Cyamodontoidea
Images 1
Bibliographie
Description originale
C. Li and O. Rieppel. 2002. A new cyamodontid placodont from Triassic of Guizhou, China. Chinese Science Bulletin 47(5):403-407 DOI ↗
Bibliographie (21)
J. M. Neenan and T. M. Scheyer. 2014. New specimen of Psephoderma alpinum (Sauropterygia, Placodontia) from the Late Triassic of Schesaplana Mountain, Graubünden, Switzerland. Swiss Journal of Geosciences 107(2-3):349-357 DOI ↗
B. P. Kear, T. H. Rich, and P. Vickers-Rich, M. A. Ali, Y. A. Al-Mufarrih, A. D. Matari, A. M. Al-Masary, M. A. Halawani. 2010. A review of aquatic vertebrate remains from the Middle-Upper Triassic Jilh Formation of Saudi Arabia. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 122:1-8 DOI ↗
F. M. Dalla Vecchia. 2008. First record of Simosaurus (Sauropterygia, Nothosauroidea) from the Carnian (Late Triassic) of Italy. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 114(2):273-285
L.-J. Zhao, C. Li, and J. Liu, T. He. 2008. A new armored placodont from the Middle Triassic of Yunnan Province, southwestern China. Vertebrata PalAsiatica 46:171-177
F. Bizzarini, G. Prosser, and F. Prosser, I. Prosser. 2003. Osservazioni preliminari sui resti di vertebrati della formazione di S. Cassiano del Bosco di Stuores (Dolomiti nord-orientali). Annali del Museo Civico di Rovereto 17:137-148
C. Li and O. Rieppel. 2002. A new cyamodontid placodont from Triassic of Guizhou, China. Chinese Science Bulletin 47(5):403-407 DOI ↗
O. Rieppel. 2002. The dermal armor of the cyamodontoid placodonts (Reptilia, Sauropterygia): morphology and systematic value. Fieldiana Geology: New Series 46:1-41 DOI ↗
O. Rieppel. 2001. The cranial anatomy of Placochelys placodonta Jaekel, 1902, and a review of the Cyamodontoidea (Reptilia, Placodonta). Fieldiana: Geology, new series 45:1-104 DOI ↗
P. Vickers-Rich, T. H. Rich, and O. Rieppel, R. A. Thulborn, H. A. McClure. 1999. A Middle Triassic vertebrate fauna from the Jilh Formation, Saudi Arabia. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen 213:201-232 DOI ↗
O. Rieppel and H. Hagdorn. 1998. Fossil reptiles from the Spanish Muschelkalk (Mont‐Ral and Alcover, Province Tarragona). Historical Biology 13:77-97 DOI ↗
G. Pinna and S. Nosotti. 1989. Anatomia, morfologia funzionale e paleoecologia del rettile placodonte Psephoderma alpiunum Meyer, 1858. Memorie della Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale de Milano 25(2):1-50
S. Nosotti. 1986. Denti di rettili placodonti nelle collezioni del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano. Atti della Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano 127(3-4):237-244
A. Parnes, C. Benjamini, and F. Hirsch. 1985. New Aspects of Triassic Ammonoid Biostratigraphy, Paleoenvironments and Paleobiogeography in Southern Israel (Sepharadic Province). Journal of Paleontology 59(3):656-666
L. Beltan, P. Janvier, and O. Monod, F. Westphal. 1979. A new marine fish and placodont reptile fauna of Ladinian age from southwestern Turkey. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Monatshefte 1979(5):257-267
H. Zapfe. 1976. Ein großer Ichthyosaurier aus den Kössener Schichten der Nordalpen. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 80:239-250
M. L. Z. Stolfa. 1975. Resti fossili di rettili nel Raibliano delle Alpi Carniche. Bollettino della Società Geologica Italiana 94(5):1079-1081
G. Haas. 1959. On some fragments of the dermal skeleton of Placodontia from the Trias of Araif en Naqa, Sinai Peninsula. Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar, Fjärde Serien 7(4):1-19
F. Brotzen. 1956. Stratigraphical studies on the Triassic vertebrate fossils from Wadi Raman, Israel. Arkiv foer Mineralogi och Geologi 2(9):191-217
F. F. v. Huene. 1936. Henodus chelyops, ein neuer placodontier. Sonder-Abduck aus Palaeontographica Beiträge zur Naturgeschichte der Vorzeit, Abteilung A 84:99-148
G. Rosenberg. 1935. Ein Placodontier-Zahn aus dem Hauptdolomit der niederösterreichischen Kalkalpen. (A tooth of Placodontidae from the Hauptdolomit in the niederösterreichic Kalkalpes). Verhandlungen der Geologischen Bundesanstalt (Wien), Vienna 4:54-58
E. Fraas. 1896. Die Schwäbischen Trias-Saurier nach dem Material der Kgl. Naturalien-Sammlung in Stuttgart zusammengestellt [Swabian Triassic dinosaurs based on the material in the Royal Natural History Collection compiled in Stuttgart]. Festgabe des Königlichen Naturalien-Cabinets In Stuttgart zur 42 Versammlung der Deutschen geologischen Gesellschaft in Stuttgart, August 1896. E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlag-handlung (E. Koch), Stuttgart