Pterosauria

Life restoration of Kryptodrakon progenitor, a pterosaur that lived in western China 160 mya

Positive digital cast of the holotype of the pterosaur Herbstosaurus pigmaeus (CTES-PZ 1711). Abbreviations: gtr, greater trochanter; isp, ischial peduncle; l.fe, left femur; ppush, prepubic shaft; prap, preacetabular process; r.fe, right femur; r.il, right ilium; r.ppu, right prepubis; sr5, sacral rib 5; sv1, sacral vertebra 1. Scale bar equals 2 cm.

An Reconstruction of Bennettazhia oregonensis showing the preserved parts of this pterosaur.

Significant discoveries of pterosaurs from late Campanian-aged terrestrial depositional environments in western North America (the azhdarchids Cryodrakon, Montanazhdarcho, and Navajodactylus).

Fragment of the mandibular symphysis of a tapejarid pterosaur (BSP 1997 I 67) from the Kem Kem Group in (A) ?left lateral, (B) ?right lateral and (C) dorsal (occlusal) view. Scale bar equals 5 cm.

Muzquizopteryx coahuilensis (Familyː Nyctosauridae) is a species of nyctosaurid pterodactyloid pterosaur from the Late Cretaceous period (early Coniacian stage) of what is now Coahuila, Mexico.

The palatal view of the skull of NMS G.2021.6.2 and comparative assessment of the pterygoid region. The palatal region of NMS G.2021.6.2, A as seen in the ventral view. The comparative, to scale, pterosaur palatine and palatal regions in the ventral view. From left to right: B Cacibupteryx (IGO-V 208); C Parapsicephalus (GSM 3166); D Dearc (NMS G.2021.6.2); E Rhamphorhynchus (NHM R 2786); F Rhamphorhynchus (CM 11434). Abbreviations: bsp—basipterygoid; cho—choana; ec -, ectopterygoid; ipv—interpterygoid vacuity; pal—palatine; pf—posterior palatine fenestra; pte—pterygoid; stf -subtemporal fenestra; sof – suborbital fenestra; vm—vomer. Scale bar 10 mm

Anhanguerid pterosaur Uktenadactylus wadleighi (Lee, 1994), SMU 73058, Tarrant County, Texas, USA, Albian. In anterior (A1), leftlateral (A2), palatal (A3) and right lateral (A4), and dorsal (A5) views. Photographs by BH

Fossil of Santanadactylus pricei and Anhanguera santanae, an extinct pterosaur- Took the photo at Senckenberg Museum of Frankfurt

Cast of a Scaphognathus crassirostris, a kind of pterosaur. On display as part of the exhibit "Pterosaurs: Flight in the Age of Dinosaurs" at the Cleveland Natural History Museum in Cleveland, Ohio, in the United States. This animal lived about 150 million years ago. This fossil was found in the Solnhofen formation in Germany. This is a cast; the fossil itself is held by the Institute of Geology and Paleontology at the University of Bonn.

Fossil of Coloborhynchus, an extinct pterosaur- Took the photo at Naturalis museum, Leiden

Fossil of Quetzalcoatlus, an extinct pterosaur- Took the photo at Senckenberg Museum of Frankfurt

Life restoration of Cearadactylus atrox. Based on figure 2 of "On the systematic relationships of Cearadactylus atrox, an enigmatic Early Cretaceous pterosaur from the Santana Formation of Brazil" by D. M. Unwin Mitteilungen Museum für Naturkunde Berlin, Geowissenschaftlichen Reihe 5: 239-263

Sketch-drawing of the vertebrate faunal assemblage of the Lisowice site (modified from Niedźwiedzki)10. (a) Large, theropod-like predatory archosaur (Smok wawelski); (b) large temnospondyl amphibian (Cyclotosaurus sp.); (c) small predatory dinosaurs (Neotheropoda indet.); (d) temnospondyl amphibian (Gerrothorax sp.); (e) small basal crocodylomorph (Crocodylomorpha indet.); (f) small diapsid (Choristodere-like animal); (g) hybodont sharks (Polyacrodus and Hybodus); (h) coelacanth fish; (i) dipnoan fish (Ptychoceratodus sp.); (j) actinopterygian fish; (k) gigantic dicynodont; (l) dinosauriforms or early dinosaurs (Dinosauriformes indet. or Dinosauria indet.); (m) small lepidosauromorphs (Sphenodontia indet.); (n) pterosaurs (Pterosauria indet.); (o) early mammaliaform (Hallautherium sp.).

Duria Antiquior, célèbre aquarelle du géologue Henry de la Beche représentant la vie dans l'ancien Dorset d'après des fossiles trouvés par Mary Anning.

Holotype of Alcione elainus. Fig. 6 of: Longrich, N. R., Martill, D. M., & Andres, B. (2018). Late Maastrichtian pterosaurs from North Africa and mass extinction of Pterosauria at the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary. PLoS biology, 16(3), e2001663. --- Original figure legend: A. elainus FSAC-OB 2, holotype partial skeleton and FSAC-OB 217, metacarpal IV. (A) Holotype right humerus in anterior view, (B) holotype right ulna and radius in anterior view, respectively, (C) holotype sternum in left lateral view, (D) referred metacarpal IV, (E) holotype, distal end of left metacarpal IV and left scapulocoracoid, and (F) holotype right femur in posterior view. Abbreviations: co, coracoid; cr, cristospine; dc, distal condyle; dpc, deltopectoral crest; ect, ectepicondyle; fh, femoral head; gl, glenoid; gt, greater trochanter; hh, humeral head; hum, humerus; mcIV, metacarpal IV, pc, proximal cotyle; pf, pneumatic foramen; rad, radius; scpr, supracondylar process; ste, sternum; uln, ulna.