skull

Hypothetical Plesiolophus skull reconstruction with known elements in white. Missing elements in grey. Scale bar 20 cm.

Montanoceratops cerorhynchus (Brown & Schlaikjer, 1942) - fossil ceratopsian dinosaur skeleton from the Cretaceous of Montana, USA. (MOR 542, Museum of the Rockies, Bozeman, Montana, USA) The species name is sometimes incorrectly spelled "cerorhynchos". The original publication spells it "cerorhynchus". The genus name is sometimes incorrectly spelled "Montanaceratops". Ceratopsians are the "horned dinosaurs". They were large, quadrupedal, herbivorous dinosaurs having a beaked skull and a frill - an extension of bone behind the skull that partially covered the neck. Ceratopsian dinosaurs are known from the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The last members of the group died out at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary, 65 million years ago. This is a partial skeleton of a juvenile Montanoceratops, a ceratopsian from the near-latest Cretaceous of western North America. This type of ceratopsian lacked facial horns. From exhibit signage: Sixty-eight million years ago, when the horned dinosaurs Triceratops and Torosaurus inhabited the coastal plain near the inland ocean, primitive "horned" dinosaurs named Montanoceratops lived in uplands near the young Rocky Mountains. These little protoceratopsians fed on plants with slicing teeth and narrow beaks similar to their giant three-horned relatives. Classification: Animalia, Chordata, Vertebrata, Reptilia, Archosauria, Dinosauria, Ornithischia, Marginocephalia, Ceratopsia, Leptoceratopsidae Stratigraphy: St. Mary River Formation, Maastrichtian Stage, Upper Cretaceous Locality: Little Rocky Coulee, north of the town of Cut Bank, eastern Glacier County, northwestern Montana, USA Info. at: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montanoceratops

Skull of a Parksosaurus

Leaellynasaura amicagraphica, dinosaur, skull. Holotype. [P 185991]

Skull reconstruction of Incisivosaurus gauthieri.

Sarcosaurus diagram of known material: reconstruction based on basal Ceratosaurs (such as Berberosaurus and Saltriovenator). The Skull was made to look more generic and less like more derived Ceratosaurs such as Ceratosaurus. "Liassaurus", referred to "cf. Sarcosaurus woodi" and is smaller than the holotype: material in light grey is preserved, but to what extent is uncertain as it is not figured. References: Carrano and Sampson (2004). "A review of coelophysoids (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Early Jurassic of Europe, with comments on the late history of the Coelophysoidea." N. Jb. Geol. Palaont. Mh., 2004(9): 537-558. (for figures of the material) theropoddatabase.com/Coelophysoidea.htm#Sarcosauruswoodi (for measurements of "Liassaurus") Allain, Ronan & Tykoski, Ronald & Aquesbi, Najat & Jalil, Nour-Eddine & Monbaron, Michel & Russell, Dale & Taquet, Philippe. (2007). An abelisauroid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Early Jurassic of the High Atlas Mountains, Morocco, and the radiation of Ceratosaurs. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 27. 10.1671/0272-4634(2007)27[610:AADTFT]2.0.CO;2. (for measurements for Berberosaurus)

Rhomboid distal nasal process of the crest of Tsintaosaurus spinorhinus. A. Partial distal nasal process of IVPP V725 in right lateral view. B. Lateral view of composite skull (reversed). C. partial premaxillonasal complex of IVPP V829 in right lateral view. D. Line drawing of (C) showing nasal-premaxilla articulation, and the displacement (arrow) experienced by the distal nasal process relative to its articular position. E. Mounted holotype skull (IVPP V725) of T. spinorhinus in left lateral view (reversed). F. Partial right distal nasal process (although catalogued as IVPP V725, this element corresponds to a different specimen than the type; reversed).

Xenovenator espinosai, holotype braincase CPC 2973. In (A) left lateral; (B) right lateral; (C) dorsal; (D) ventral; (E) anterior; (F) posterior. Abbreviations: bo, basicoccipital; bul, parabasisphenoid bulla; ex, exoccipital; fr, frontal; lad, lateral depression; lac, lacrimal articulation; lat, laterosphenoid; osp, orbitosphenoid; par, parietal; pbs, parabasisphenoid; po, postorbital; ri, median ridge; sk, skull; stf, supratemporal fossa.

Skull of Dromiceiomimus

PLATE II(IX). Fig. 1. Anchisaurus colurus MARSH. All extant specimens in approximately 1/5 nat. size. Connecticut red sandstone (Upper Triassic). Manchester, Conn., USA. MARSH's original specimen, preserved at the Yale Museum, New Haven, Conn. Scale bar: 11 cm. Skull: see Pl. I [VIII], forefoot: see Pl. III [X], scapula, hindleg, and pubis: see figures in the text.

Skull of Saichania, Warsaw Museum of Evolution

Skull of Oohkotokia horneri, gen. et sp. nov. (MOR 433, holotype)

Skull replica of Vagaceratops at Canadian Museum of Nature

Skull cast of Anchiceratops ornatus (original specimen: TMP 1983.001.0001) on display at the University of Michigan Museum of Natural History.

Cranial remains of Arthropterygius chrisorum CCMGE 17–44/13328 (A–J) and PMO 222.669 (L, M). (A, B) Right postfrontal in ventral (A) and dorsal (B) views. (C) Left lateral view on articulated postfrontal, prefrontal and nasal. (D) Left prefrontal in ventral view. (E, F) Right prefrontal in ventral (E) and dorsal (F) views. (G, H) left nasal in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. (I, J) Left jugal in medial (I) and lateral (J) views. (K) Cranial reconstruction, showing the depicted elements (colored). (L, M) oblique dorsal view and interpretation of sutures of the skull roof of PMO 222.669. Abbreviations: ffr, facet for the frontal; fnas, facet of the nasal; fpo, facet for the postorbital; fpref, facet for the prefrontal; fqj, facet for the quadratojugal; fsut, facet for the supratemporal; lw, lateral wing of the nasal lamella; nas, nasal; par, parietal; pf, parietal foramen; pref, prefrontal; sut, supratemporal. Both scale bars represent 10 cm.

Skull of Lesothosaurus - ornithischian dinosaur