Dinosauria

Calvarius is a genus of styracosternan ornithopod from the Late Cretaceous of Spain. The name alludes to its chronostratigraphic proximity to the extinction event that wiped out the non-avian dinosaurs at the end of the Cretaceous. The highly modified metatarsal that is known from shows an example of convergent evolution, as it is more similar to non-iguanodontian ornithopods than to other styracosternans. It is thought that this is due to fulfilling a niche in its island habitat, resulting in Calvarius becoming a small-bodied animal, capable of rapid locomotion.

Illustration of the pelvis from the theropod dinosaur Siamotyrannus isanensis. Siamotyrannus lived in Thailand, according to scientists about 90 MYA. It has been estimated to a length of 7 meter, and a weight of about 2 tonnes. Scientists has been uncertain if Siamotyrannus is a member of the family Tyrannosauridae or to Sinraptoridae.

Changchunsaurus parvus, a neornithischian dinosaur.

A replica of MIWG 1530, the holotype of the indeterminate archosaur Yaverlandia bitholus. As seen from two angles.

Notohypsilodon comodorensis, an elasmarian ornithopod dinosaur.

Holotype (MTM V 2009.192.1) of Ajkaceratops kozmai .mw-parser-output .smallcaps{font-variant:small-caps}Ősi et al., 2010 (Dinosauria: Ceratopsia), fused rostral and premaxillae, in lateral view, length of scale bar = 1 cm.

Gandititan is a basal titanosaurian sauropod dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous of what is now China. It was a long-necked herbivore, typical of sauropods, with a relatively short tail, a characteristic of titanosaurs compared to other sauropods. Titanosauria have a wide range of body sizes, and Gandititan falls around the middle, slightly on the smaller side. Discovered with a fairly well articluated spine from neck to tail, Gandititan is estimated at about 14 m in total body length.

Holotype of Ferrisaurus sustutensis, RBCM P900, on display in the Okanagan Heritage Museum exhibition Dinosaurs of BC, June-September 2024.

Astigmasaura is a medium-sized rebbachisaurid sauropod dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous period of what is now Argentina. Rebbachisaurids had highly pneumatized bones that helped them to hold their weight on their four pillar-like legs, and extremely long tails. Astigmasaura was likely a ground-level browsing herbivore.

Illustration of Sinusonasus (Dinosauria, Theropoda, Coelurosauria, Deinonychosauria, Troodontidae). This restoration is an edited and updated version of a drawing I originally uploaded on Wikimedia at December 11th 2009 (which i turn is based on a fossil seen at http://site.sinodino.com/Museum/images/Sinusonasus.JPG.).

Rebbachisaurids are the latest known sauropod dinosaurs outside the titanosaur lineage. Cienciargentina is a rebbachisaurid from the Late Cretaceous, making it among the most recent. It had many hollow bones, and likely had batteries of teeth used for chewing, a rebbachisaurid feature unique among sauropods.

Skeletal reconstruction of the Sauropod dinosaur Abdarainurus barsboldi based on holotype PIN 5669/1, as figured in Averianov and Lopatin, 2020. Outline is based on related Sauropods, modified from SlvrHwk.

Reconstructed skull of Duriavenator hesperis showing known material (white) of the holotype and only known specimen. Unknown bones based on related Eustreptospondylus oxoniensis. Scale bar is 10cm, image is 10px/cm. Cranial anatomy based on Benson (2008) "A redescription of "Megalosaurus" hesperis (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from the Inferior Oolite (Bajocian, Middle Jurassic) of Dorset, United Kingdom"

Reconstructed skull of Wiehenvenator albati based on holotype specimen (white). Scale bar is 10cm, image if 10px/cm. Unknown material based on related Torvosaurus tanneri. Cranial anatomy based on Rauhut et al (2016) "A new megalosaurid theropod dinosaur from the late Middle Jurassic (Callovian) of north-western Germany: implications for theropod evolution and faunal turnover in the Jurassic"

Original caption: "Calibrated phylogeny of Neosauropoda. Summarized strict consensus tree showing the relationships among neosauropod dinosaurs and the phylogenetic position of Tapuiasaurus macedoi gen. n. sp. n. The support values (Bremer/Bootstrap) for the nodes labelled in the figure are: Neosauropoda (1/-), Somphospondyli (2/68), Titanosauria (2/58), Lithostrotia (3/68), “advanced titanosaurians” (3/65), Nemegtosauridae (1/-), Saltasauridae (1/-). See Figure S4 for a complete strict consensus tree including all sauropod terminal taxa used in the analysis. Age of first appearance for taxa used in the calibrated phylogeny are given in Text S4."

Duonychus tsogtbaatari in Dinosaur Expo 2019 at Nationail Science Museum in Tokyo