Galerie d'images
Toutes les images de la base — taxons, formations et intervalles géologiques.
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3,067 image(s)
Campananeyen is a rebbachisaurid sauropod that lived approximately 100 million years ago in the Late Cretaceous of what is now Argentina. Rebbachisaurids are the main group of diplodocoidea to have lived past the Jurassic, and had a more horizontal posture than contemporary sauropods, mainly the titanosaurs. They are unique among sauropods for having batteries of teeth used for chewing, rather than the typical peglike teeth sauropods used to strip leaves off branches.
Photograph (A) and line drawing (B) of the skull of Asiatyrannus xui (ZMNH M30360) in right lateral view. The inset box in (A) indicates the position of the detailed jugal accessory horn in (C). acf accessory fossa of maxilla; ang angular; aof antorbital fenestra; cor cornual process; d dentary; d.t dentary tooth; emf external mandibular fenestra; en external naris; f frontal; gr groove; itf infratemporal fenestra; j jugal; jah jugal accessory horn; L left; la lacrimal; mf maxillary fenestra; mnvf maxillary neurovascular foramina; mx maxilla; nas nasal; nr nasal ridge; orb orbit; par parietal; pal palatine; pmx premaxilla; po postorbital; q quadrate; qj quadratojugal; R right; sa surangular; sf surangular foramen; snf subnarial foramen; sq squamosal; t1–6 maxillary tooth 1–6.
Original caption: "Calibrated phylogeny of Neosauropoda. Summarized strict consensus tree showing the relationships among neosauropod dinosaurs and the phylogenetic position of Tapuiasaurus macedoi gen. n. sp. n. The support values (Bremer/Bootstrap) for the nodes labelled in the figure are: Neosauropoda (1/-), Somphospondyli (2/68), Titanosauria (2/58), Lithostrotia (3/68), “advanced titanosaurians” (3/65), Nemegtosauridae (1/-), Saltasauridae (1/-). See Figure S4 for a complete strict consensus tree including all sauropod terminal taxa used in the analysis. Age of first appearance for taxa used in the calibrated phylogeny are given in Text S4."
A silhouette of Antetonitrus, based on the material described and figured in McPhee et al. 2014, missing portions reconstructed using Lessemsaurus, Ingentia, Ledumahadi, Melanorosaurus, and Blikanasaurus.
Life restoration of Stegosaurus stenops based on the "Sophie" specimen, NHMUK PV R36730. Digital.
Balaenognathus maeuseri gen. et sp. nov.: comparative interpretive drawings of the skulls of suspension feeding ctenochasmatoid pterosaurs in dorsal aspect. Balaenognathus this paper; Pterodaustro based on Bonaparte (1978); Plateleorhynchus based on Howse and Milner (1995); Gnathosaurus based on specimen JME-SOS 4580; Ctenochasma based on (2007 Fig. 2F)
Samrukia nesovi was originally described as a giant bird, but is now considered a pterodactyloid pterosaur of uncertain placement and validity. References: Naish, D., Dyke, G., Cau, A., Escuillié, F., & Godefroit, P. (2011). A gigantic bird from the Upper Cretaceous of Central Asia. Biology Letters, 8(1), 97–100. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2011.0683 Buffetaut, E. (2011). Samrukia nessovi, from the Late Cretaceous of Kazakhstan: A large pterosaur, not a giant bird. Annales de Paléontologie, 97(3–4), 133–138. doi:10.1016/j.annpal.2011.10.001
Eshanosaurus deguchiianus (IVPP V11579) right dentary in lateral view
Preserved elements of Tataouinea hannibalis (ONM DT 1–48). A, quarry map showing the orientation of collected elements. B, field photograph of the elements collected at the end of 2011, and C, of elements collected in 2013. Ca, caudal vertebra 1–17; S, sacral vertebra 1–5; r il, right ilium; l il, left ilium.
Partial skeleton of the heterodontosaurid Tianyulong confuciusi from the Lower Cretaceous Jehol Group of China. Partial skeleton mainly in right lateral view (IVPP V17090). Enlargements of subsequent figures are shown in red. Scale bar equals 10 cm.
A simple paleoart reconstruction of the basal ichthyosaur parvinatator.
A reconstruction of Erythrovenator jacuiensis based on a skeletal by Maurissauro. This basal theropod comes from the Late Triassic Candelária Formation of Brazil.
A new plesiosaur, Leurospondylus, from the Edmonton Cretaceous of Alberta
Skeletal reconstruction of Maraapunisaurus fragillimus, with restored dorsal vertebra in posterior view. Scaled from Lavocatisaurus, Agustinia, Comahuesaurus, Amazonsaurus, & other basal rebbachisaurids, with neck extended allometrically following Stevens & Parrish (2006). Human silhouette is myself.
Skeletal reconstruction of Maraapunisaurus fragillimus, with restored dorsal vertebra in posterior view. Scaled from Lavocatisaurus, Agustinia, Comahuesaurus, Amazonsaurus, & other basal rebbachisaurids, with neck extended allometrically following Stevens & Parrish (2006). Human silhouette is myself.
Crato Formation pterosaur diversity – the dawn of Araripe pterosaur era. We emphasize that the coexistence of the taxa is merely illustrative, since the lack of geological context for most pterosaur fossils from the Araripe Basin prevents a precise inference of contemporaneity.
Jinzhousaurus yangi fossil displayed in Hong Kong Science Museum
Dzharacursor is an ornithomimid theropod dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous of what is now Uzbekistan. Ornithomimids like Dzharacursor are known for their long legs lending to a cursorial, or running, lifestyle. They had a feathered covering, and were likely omnivorous, or possibly herbivorous. Adult Dzharacursor could grow to approximately 3.5 m in length.
Restoration of Bagualosaurus agudoensis. (The female may not be to scale, the total length of Bagualosaurus in the original publication is given in a graph with a scale of 20 cm, and can be inferred to be about 1.6 m. See File:Bagualosaurus Scale.svg for a closer comparison)
Ahvaytum is a saturnaliid sauropodomorph from the Late Triassic of what is now Wyoming. It is the oldest known dinosaur from the northern continent of Laurasia, challenging previous hypotheses of dinosaur origins and dispersal. Typical of basal dinosaurs from the Triassic, Ahvaytum was a small slender biped, reaching about 1 m in body length.
Recreación de Saltillomimus rapidus, un género sin nombrar de Coahuila, México.
Huashanosaurus is a basal sauropod dinosaur that lived from the Early to Middle Jurassic periods of what is now China. It was a long-necked herbivore which still exhibited many basal traits of the earlier sauropodomorphs, while transitioning to obligate quardupedality. Huashanosaurus grew to approximately 12 m in length, and weighed around 10 t.
Fujianvenator is an anchiornithid avialan from the Late Jurassic of China, whose discovery gave important insight to the evolution of birds. It had proportionately long legs, with the tibia twice the length of the femur. This suggests it may have been a strong runner, and possibly had a terrestrial or wading lifestyle. Fujianvenator was a small dinosaur, weighing about 640 g. As an avialan, it was almost certainly covered in feathers, though it does not seem likely to have been capable of flight.
(A)Alligator prenasalis, pterosaurs (B)Liaoxipterus brachycephalus and (C)Ludodactylus sibbicki, (D)basal ornithischian Jeholosaurus shangyuanensis, (E)tyrannosaur Yutyrannus huali (F) Sinosauropteryx prima.
Digital drawing of the known skeletal remains of Chromogisaurus novasi. Known elements represented in white and unknown in gray. Reconstructed elements are based on Saturnalia tupiniquim
Life restoration of the small German Jurassic ichthyosaur Hauffiopteryx typicus. References Maxwell, E. E.; Cortés, D. (2020). "A revision of the Early Jurassic ichthyosaur Hauffiopteryx (Reptilia: Ichthyosauria), and description of a new species from Southwestern Germany". Palaeontologia Electronica 23: 1–43. Archived from the original on 2022-07-06. Retrieved on 2022-03-15. Note: This image is currently uncolored
Istiorachis macarthurae holotype (MIWG 6643). The anterior-most seven caudal vertebrae in left lateral view with neural spines reconstructed. Abbreviations: Cd, caudal vertebra; SC, sacrocaudal. Scale bar represents 50 mm.
Identifier: annalsofmedicalh01pack (find matches) Title: Annals of medical history Year: 1917 (1910s) Authors: Packard, Francis R. (Francis Randolph), 1870-1950 Subjects: Medicine Publisher: New York P.B. Hoeber Contributing Library: Gerstein - University of Toronto Digitizing Sponsor: University of Toronto View Book Page: Book Viewer About This Book: Catalog Entry View All Images: All Images From Book Click here to view book online to see this illustration in context in a browseable online version of this book. Text Appearing Before Image: ail strongly Hexed, and the toescontracted and appressed. The whole atti-tude strongly suggests a spastic distress,possibly brought on by some form ofpoisoning of the central nervous system,from infection or the deglutition of somepoisonous substance. 14. Osteomalacia is evidently the causeof the hypertrophy of the bones of Lim-nocyron potens, an early carnivore from theWashakie Eocene of Wyoming, nearly3,000,000 years old. MATERIALS AND METHODS The material described in the presentpaper has been loaned the writer lor de-scription by the Field Museum of Chii Osborn: Hull. Amcr. \lus. Natl. Hist., 1917,vol. 35. !>• 733. P>- 28. Studies in Paleopathology 393 by the American Museum of Natural His-tory of New York City, by Walker Museumof the University of Chicago, and by the Uni-versity of Kansas Natural History Museum. made by the well-known petrographic meth-ods so common in all geological labora-tories. The diagnoses, where they are at-tempted, arc made from comparisons of the Text Appearing After Image: Fig. 20. The skeleton of Strutbiomimus altus, a small dinosaur from the BeliyRiver series (Cretaceous), Red Deer River, Alberta, Canada, now regarded as ofapproximately the same age as the Judith River series. The unique feature ofthe skull is the total absence of teeth, with a size of skull one-third larger thanthe ostrich and a length of body of about fifteen feet. The position of the skeletonis decidedly that of the opisthotonos which may be regarded as an indication ofdisease. (After Osborn). A beautiful specimen of an osteoma, theonly one known so far, on the vertebra of aKansas Cretaceous mosasaur, was given thewriter by Dr. J. M. Armstrong of St. Paul.The writer expresses his obligations to thegentlemen connected with the above-men-tioned institutions and to Dr. Armstrong.The methods used are a combination ofprocedures in the various lines involved.Microscopic sections, which can be madethin enough for immersion lens study, are material with similar lesions in recent hu-man mat Note About Images Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.
Tongnanlong is a large mamenchisaurid sauropod dinosaur that lived in the Late Jurassic period of what is now China. Typical of mamenchisaurids, it had an extremely long neck, even by sauropod standards. Tongnanlong grew to approximately 25 m in length and weighed 20-30 t, making it one of the largest mamenchisaurids.
Australian Mesozoic pterosaurs. A, Aussiedraco molnari (QM F10613; holotype) mandible in dorsal view. Scale = 1 cm. B, Mythunga camara (QM F18896; holotype) partial skull and mandible in left lateral view. Scale = 5 cm. C, Thapunngaka shawi (KK F494; holotype) mandible in left lateral view. Scale = 5 cm. D, Ferrodraco lentoni (AODF 0876; holotype [part]) partial skull and mandible in left lateral view. Scale = 5 cm.
Solitary tooth of a sauropod from Angeac-Charente in France. Based on its morphology, it is not from an unnamed titanosaur like other material from this site, but from an unnamed titanosauriform similar to Ligabuesaurus or Veneosaurus.
Skeletal reconstruction of Siamraptor suwati. Cranial elements were scaled to fit in with the holotype (surangular). Human size = 1.8 m. Scale bar = 1 m. Human silhouette has been added to the original image.
Skeletal reconstruction of Ahshislepelta minor, a small ankylosaur from the Late Cretaceous Kirtland Formation of New Mexico. While originally recovered as an ankylosaurid related to Gastonia, later analyses favored a nodosaurid position which this is based on. Based on the holotype SMP VP-1930, consisting of fragmentary shoulder, forelimb, and vertebral elements as well as several osteoderms. Unknown material filled in using Niobrarasaurus, Pawpawsaurus, Silvisaurus, Sauropelta, and Borealopelta. Total length is approximately 4.9 m through the centra. Notes: Osteoderm placement somewhat speculative, not all osteoderms and vertebral fragments are figured. References: Burns & Sullivan, 2011.
Autapomorphies proposed for Diuqin lechiguanae gen. et sp. nov. (MUCPv 1401), with images generated from three-dimensional scans of selected bones. A–B, posteriormost (last) sacral neural arch (MUCPv 1401/1) in dorsal (A) and posterior (B) views. C, anterior caudal neural arch (MUCPv 1401/2) in dorsal view. D, left humerus (MUCPv 1401/4) in lateral view. Abbreviations: al, accessory lamina; dldpr, distolateral deltopectoral ridge; for, foramen. Scale bars equal 3 centimeters
Strict reduced consensus at the genus level of the most parsimonious trees recovered following the phylogenetic analysis. The original dataset is based on the matrix and scorings of Zhang et al. 2019 (except for Irisosaurus) and includes 62 taxa for 364 characters. This reduced consensus displays 39 taxa. It is based on 2 MPTs of 1,300 steps each (CI = 0.33, RI = 0.69). Dashed lines mean that the exact age of the genus is uncertain. Clades: 1, Sauropodomorpha; 2, Plateosauridae; 3, Massopoda; 4, Massospondylidae; 5, Riojasauridae; 6, Sauropodiformes; 7, Lessemsauridae. Squares represent stem-based definitions, ellipses represent node-based definitions.
Wudingloong is the earliest diverging, and oldest sauropodomorph dinosaur known from East Asia. Typical of basal sauropodomorphs, or "prosauropods," it was a bipedal herbivore with a long neck. Wudingloong was a fairly small prosauropod at approximately 4 m in length, and weighing around 400 kg.
Restoration of Analong chuanjieensis, a sauropod dinosaur from the Middle Jurassic of China
Holotype (HMN MB.R.2455, Cervical vertebra) of Australodocus.
Figuras de abelisaurio y Lohuecotitan. Museo Paleontológico de Castilla-La Mancha (Cuenca)
Skeletal composite of the chilean titanosaur Atacamatitan chilensis. A fragmented sauropod known from the holotype SGO-PV-961, found in the Atacama Desert. The preserved elements consist of:[1] Right femur, the proximal end of a humerus, two dorsal vertebrae, posterior caudal vertebrae, dorsal ribs and a possibly fragmentary element of the sternum, other fragmented caudal vertebrae and indeterminate bones.[1] Due to the fragmented nature of the holotype, most cladistic analyzes exclude Atacamatitan. Nevertheless, in 2012, Rubilar-Rogers and Gutstein conducted a preliminary cladistic analysis which placed Atacamatitan within the Lithostrotia.[2] The original description lacks a lateral view for the humerus and femur, the lateral view for the humerus was based on Alamosaurus and Opisthocoelicaudia, since it shows resemblance with them. The lateral view of the femur is based on Mendozasaurus for the same reason. Color Key Known Unknown
Rhamphinion with Dilophosaurus in the background. While the pterosaur was identified as Dimorphodon by the artist, that genus is not known to have coexisted with Dilophosaurus, so the identity is here changed to its closest contemporary relative, which is possibly which was meant to begin with.
The hands of oviraptorosaurs, showing basal oviraptorosaurs (A-B), Caenagnathidae (C-G) and Oviraptoridae (H-R). Colors signify diagnostic attributes of each group, with blue representing caenagnathid features (1-7), red representing oviraptorid features (8-15), green representing “ingeniine” features (16-21), light orange representing other features (22-25) not evenly distributed among taxa, and violet representing features basal to or restricted to non-caenagnathoid oviraptorosaurs (26-31). See text for clarification. A, Protarchaeopteryx robusta, based on NGMC 2127; B, Caudipteryx sp., based on IVPP V12430; C, Anzu wyliei, based on CM 78000; D, Gigantoraptor erlianensis, based on LH V0011; E, Chirostenotes pergracilis, based on CMN 2367 and RTMP 1979.20.1; F, Hagryphus giganteus, based on UMNH VP 12765; G, Elmisaurus rarus, based on ZPAL MgD-I/98; H, Wulatelong gobiensis, based on IVPP V18409; I, Oviraptor philoceratops, based on AMNH FABR 6517; J, the Bayan Mandahu “oviraptorine,” IVPP V9608; K, the Zamyn Khondt “oviraptorid,” MPC-D 100/42; L, Citipati osmolskae, based on MPC-D 100/979; M, Conchoraptor gracilis, based on MPC-D 100/20; N, Khaan mckennai, based on MPC-D 100/1127; O, Machairasaurus leptonychus, based on IVPP V15979; P, Nemegtomaia barsboldi, based on MPC-D 107/15 and 107/16; Q, “Ingenia“ yanshini, based on MPC-D 100/30; R, Heyuannia huangi, based on HYMV1-2.
Skeletal cross-sections and ecological estimates for four cryptoclidid plesiosaurs: Tatenectes, Cryptoclidus, Muraenosaurus, and Abyssosaurus.
Fig. 2. Right tibia of Quilmesaurus curriei compared to other tibiae of Abelisauridae. A-B: Quilmesaurus curriei in lateral and anterior view; C: Aucasaurus garridoi, D: Genusaurus sisterornis, E and H: Ekrixinatosaurus novasi, F: Indosuchus raptorius (Courtesy of Dr. F. E. Novas), G: Rajasaurus narmadensis; I: Pycnonemosaurus nevesi Abbreviations: faap: facet for the ascending process of the astragalus; cc: cnemial crest; lm: lateral malleolus; lma: lateral margin of the malleolus; lpcc: lateral process of the cnemial crest; mm: medial malleolus; mma: medial margin of the malleolus; vmcc: ventral margin of the cnemial crest; vpcc: ventral process of the cnemial crest.
Spinosaurus aegyptiacus, a spinosaurid from the Middle Cretaceous of Egypt
Spinosaurus aegyptiacus, a spinosaurid from the Middle Cretaceous of Egypt